{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T19:03:50Z","timestamp":1773687830551,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,21]],"date-time":"2024-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716249600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"E-Forest\u2014Multi-agent Autonomous Electric Robotic Forest Management Framework","award":["POCI-01-0247-FEDER-047104"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POCI-01-0247-FEDER-047104"]}]},{"name":"E-Forest\u2014Multi-agent Autonomous Electric Robotic Forest Management Framework","award":["CENTRO-08-5864-FSE-000031"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CENTRO-08-5864-FSE-000031"]}]},{"name":"E-Forest\u2014Multi-agent Autonomous Electric Robotic Forest Management Framework","award":["UIDP\/00760\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/00760\/2020"]}]},{"name":"E-Forest\u2014Multi-agent Autonomous Electric Robotic Forest Management Framework","award":["LA\/P\/0079\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0079\/2020"]}]},{"name":"E-Forest\u2014Multi-agent Autonomous Electric Robotic Forest Management Framework","award":["UIDB\/00760\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00760\/2020"]}]},{"name":"F4F\u2014Forest for Future","award":["POCI-01-0247-FEDER-047104"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POCI-01-0247-FEDER-047104"]}]},{"name":"F4F\u2014Forest for Future","award":["CENTRO-08-5864-FSE-000031"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CENTRO-08-5864-FSE-000031"]}]},{"name":"F4F\u2014Forest for Future","award":["UIDP\/00760\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/00760\/2020"]}]},{"name":"F4F\u2014Forest for Future","award":["LA\/P\/0079\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0079\/2020"]}]},{"name":"F4F\u2014Forest for Future","award":["UIDB\/00760\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00760\/2020"]}]},{"name":"European Funds","award":["POCI-01-0247-FEDER-047104"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POCI-01-0247-FEDER-047104"]}]},{"name":"European Funds","award":["CENTRO-08-5864-FSE-000031"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CENTRO-08-5864-FSE-000031"]}]},{"name":"European Funds","award":["UIDP\/00760\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/00760\/2020"]}]},{"name":"European Funds","award":["LA\/P\/0079\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0079\/2020"]}]},{"name":"European Funds","award":["UIDB\/00760\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00760\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology","award":["POCI-01-0247-FEDER-047104"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POCI-01-0247-FEDER-047104"]}]},{"name":"Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology","award":["CENTRO-08-5864-FSE-000031"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CENTRO-08-5864-FSE-000031"]}]},{"name":"Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology","award":["UIDP\/00760\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/00760\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology","award":["LA\/P\/0079\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0079\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology","award":["UIDB\/00760\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00760\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Electronics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this article, we describe a performance comparison conducted between several digital filters intended to mitigate the intrinsic noise observed in magnetometers. The considered filters were used to smooth the control signals derived from the magnetometers, which were present in an autonomous forestry machine. Three moving average FIR filters, based on rectangular Bartlett and Hanning windows, and an exponential moving average IIR filter were selected and analyzed. The trade-off between the noise reduction factor and the latency of the proposed filters was also investigated, taking into account the crucial importance of latency on real-time applications and control algorithms. Thus, a maximum latency value was used in the filter design procedure instead of the usual filter order. The experimental results and simulations show that the linear decay moving average (LDMA) and the raised cosine moving average (RCMA) filters outperformed the simple moving average (SMA) and the exponential moving average (EMA) in terms of noise reduction, for a fixed latency value, allowing a more accurate heading angle calculation and position control mechanism for autonomous and unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics13112006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,21]],"date-time":"2024-05-21T06:50:52Z","timestamp":1716274252000},"page":"2006","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Evaluation of Different Filtering Methods Devoted to Magnetometer Data Denoising"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2275-3508","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tiago","family":"Pereira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute of Engineering, Rua Pedro Nunes-Quinta da Nora, 3030-199 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5441-4394","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victor","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute of Engineering, Rua Pedro Nunes-Quinta da Nora, 3030-199 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Tiago","family":"Gameiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute of Engineering, Rua Pedro Nunes-Quinta da Nora, 3030-199 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Viegas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ADAI (Associa\u00e7\u00e3o para o Desenvolvimento da Aerodin\u00e2mica Industrial), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University Coimbra, Rua Lu\u00eds Reis Santos, P\u00f3lo II, 3030-788 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2204-6339","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nuno","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute of Engineering, Rua Pedro Nunes-Quinta da Nora, 3030-199 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"GECAD\u2014Knowledge Research Group on Intelligent Engineering and Computing for Advanced Innovation and Development of the Engineering Institute of Porto (ISEP), Polytechnic Institute of Porto (IPP), 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.14257\/ijca.2015.8.11.12","article-title":"Attitude Estimation Algorithms Using Low Cost IMU","volume":"8","author":"Quoc","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. 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