{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T22:22:36Z","timestamp":1776982956001,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,18]],"date-time":"2020-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1595030400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Electronics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Bipolar DC grids have become an adequate solution for high-power microgrids. This is mainly due to the fact that this configuration has a greater power transmission capacity. In bipolar DC grids, any distributed generation system can be connected through DC-DC converters, which must have a monopolar input and a bipolar output. In this paper, a DC-DC converter based on the combination of single-ended primary-inductor converter (SEPIC) and \u0106uk converters is proposed, to connect a photovoltaic (PV) system to a bipolar DC grid. This topology has, as main advantages, a reduced number of components and a high efficiency. Furthermore, it can contribute to regulate\/balance voltage in bipolar DC grids. To control the proposed converter, any of the techniques described in the literature and applied to converters of a single input and single output can be used. An experimental prototype of a DC-DC converter with bipolar output based on the combination of SEPIC and \u0106uk converters was developed. On the other hand, a perturb and observe method (P and O) has been applied to control the converter and has allowed maximum power point tracking (MPPT). The combined converter was connected in island mode and in parallel with a bipolar DC microgrid. The obtained results have allowed to verify the behavior of the combined converter with the applied strategy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics9071171","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,20]],"date-time":"2020-07-20T06:08:17Z","timestamp":1595225297000},"page":"1171","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Single-Switch Bipolar Output DC-DC Converter for Photovoltaic Application"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7002-4927","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Salvador P.","family":"Litr\u00e1n","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Thermal Engineering, Design and Projects, University of Huelva, 21001 Huelva, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9230-165X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eladio","family":"Dur\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Computer Systems and Automation, University of Huelva, 21001 Huelva, Spain"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Semi\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ISE, Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal\/INESC-ID, 1000 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Rafael S.","family":"Barroso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Thermal Engineering, Design and Projects, University of Huelva, 21001 Huelva, Spain"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4466","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2015.2412914","article-title":"Power converters, control, and energy management for distributed generation","volume":"62","author":"Chakraborty","year":"2015","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. 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