{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T22:24:33Z","timestamp":1774736673737,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,23]],"date-time":"2017-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1490227200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Energies"],"abstract":"<jats:p>With the expansion of smart meters, like the Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI), and the Internet of Things (IoT), each smart city is equipped with various kinds of electronic devices. Therefore, equipment and technologies enable us to be smarter and make various aspects of smart cities more accessible and applicable. The goal of the current paper is to provide an inclusive review on the concept of the smart city besides their different applications, benefits, and advantages. In addition, most of the possible IoT technologies are introduced, and their capabilities to merge into and apply to the different parts of smart cities are discussed. The potential application of smart cities with respect to technology development in the future provides another valuable discussion in this paper. Meanwhile, some practical experiences all across the world and the key barriers to its implementation are thoroughly expressed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/en10040421","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,23]],"date-time":"2017-03-23T11:47:59Z","timestamp":1490269679000},"page":"421","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":462,"title":["A Review of Smart Cities Based on the Internet of Things Concept"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Saber","family":"Talari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"C-MAST, University of Beira Interior, R. Fonte do Lameiro, 6201-001 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1691-5355","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miadreza","family":"Shafie-khah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"C-MAST, University of Beira Interior, R. Fonte do Lameiro, 6201-001 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0975-0241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pierluigi","family":"Siano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Loia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Management &amp; Innovation Systems, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy"}]},{"given":"Aurelio","family":"Tommasetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Management &amp; Innovation Systems, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Catal\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"C-MAST, University of Beira Interior, R. Fonte do Lameiro, 6201-001 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"},{"name":"INESC TEC and Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto, R. Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"INESC-ID, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, University of Lisbon, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comnet.2015.12.023","article-title":"Urban planning and building smart cities based on the Internet of Things using Big Data analytics","volume":"101","author":"Rathore","year":"2016","journal-title":"Comput. 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