{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T16:37:09Z","timestamp":1776357429556,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,17]],"date-time":"2018-12-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1545004800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Energies"],"abstract":"<jats:p>To address the challenges of the next generation of smart windows for energy-efficient buildings, new electrochromic devices (ECDs) are introduced. These include indium molybdenum oxide (IMO), a conducting oxide transparent in the near-infrared (NIR) region, and a NIR-emitting electrolyte. The novel electrolytes are based on a sol-gel-derived di-urethane cross-linked siloxane-based host structure, including short chains of poly (\u03b5-caprolactone) (PCL(530) (where 530 represents the average molecular weight in g mol\u22121). This hybrid framework was doped with a combination of either, lithium triflate (LiTrif) and erbium triflate (ErTrif3), or LiTrif and bisaquatris (thenoyltrifluoroacetonate) erbium (III) ([Er(tta)3(H2O)2]). The ECD@LiTrif-[Er(tta)3(H2O)2] device presents a typical Er3+ NIR emission around 1550 nm. The figures of merit of these devices are high cycling stability, good reversibility, and unusually high coloration efficiency (CE = \u0394OD\/\u0394Q, where Q is the inserted\/de-inserted charge density). CE values of \u22128824\/+6569 cm2 C\u22121 and \u22128243\/+5200 cm2 C\u22121 were achieved at 555 nm on the 400th cycle, for ECD@LiTrif-ErTrif3 and ECD@LiTrif-[Er(tta)3(H2O)2], respectively.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/en11123513","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,18]],"date-time":"2018-12-18T02:15:59Z","timestamp":1545099359000},"page":"3513","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Luminescent Electrochromic Devices for Smart Windows of Energy-Efficient Buildings"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6533-4309","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariana","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and CQ-VR, University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"given":"V\u00e2nia","family":"Freitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics and CICECO, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"given":"S\u00f3nia","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CENIMAT\/I3N, Departamento de Ci\u00eancia dos Materiais, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, FCT, Universidade Nova de Lisboa and CEMOP-UNINOVA, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Rita","family":"Leones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, University of Minho, Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"},{"name":"Current address: Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW) Dresden e.V., Institute for Complex Materials, D-01069 Helmholtzstr, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5230-639X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Manuela","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, University of Minho, Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4747-6535","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu\u00eds D.","family":"Carlos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics and CICECO, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Elvira","family":"Fortunato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CENIMAT\/I3N, Departamento de Ci\u00eancia dos Materiais, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, FCT, Universidade Nova de Lisboa and CEMOP-UNINOVA, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Rute","family":"A. S. Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics and CICECO, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Rosa","family":"Rego","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and CQ-VR, University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7577-4938","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ver\u00f3nica","family":"De Zea Bermudez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and CQ-VR, University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-matsci-062910-100344","article-title":"Electrochromic materials","volume":"41","author":"Mortimer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Mater. 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