{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T20:40:18Z","timestamp":1776199218881,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,7]],"date-time":"2019-09-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1567814400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"FCT","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PTDC\/EMS-ENE\/4525\/2014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PTDC\/EMS-ENE\/4525\/2014"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"FCT","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UID\/GEO\/50019\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/GEO\/50019\/2019"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Energies"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The assessment of solar potential in the urban environment is an important instrument for policy decision regarding renewable energy deployment in the city. This paper presents an experimentally validated 3D solar potential model for rooftops and facades from LIDAR data considering anisotropic diffuse irradiation. The data visualization is rendered in the ArcGIS platform using CityEngine to automatically generate 3D models from 2D geometries. The model is validated against summer and winter measurements of photovoltaic performance on a facade. A case study for two densely packed urban areas in Lisbon, Portugal, are presented. Facades are shown to increase the solar potential by 10 to 15%.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/en12183457","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,9]],"date-time":"2019-09-09T04:12:40Z","timestamp":1568002360000},"page":"3457","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["3D Solar Potential in the Urban Environment: A Case Study in Lisbon"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3580-3474","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel Centeno","family":"Brito","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Dom Luiz, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749\u2013016 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9644-1147","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula","family":"Redweik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Dom Luiz, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749\u2013016 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Catita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Dom Luiz, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749\u2013016 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7024-2919","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Freitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Dom Luiz, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749\u2013016 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Miguel","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Dom Luiz, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749\u2013016 Lisboa, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2014.08.060","article-title":"Modelling solar potential in the urban environment: State-of-the-art review","volume":"41","author":"Freitas","year":"2015","journal-title":"Renew. 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