{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T16:23:44Z","timestamp":1776270224734,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,4]],"date-time":"2020-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580774400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017\/24050-8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017\/24050-8"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018\/03714-8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018\/03714-8"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Energies"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate the synthesis and application of heterogeneous catalysts based on heteropolyacids for 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) production from glucose. Initially, assays were carried out in order to establish the most favorable catalyst synthesis conditions. For such purpose, calcination temperature (300 or 500 \u00b0C), type of support (Nb2O5 or Al2O3), and active phase (H3PW12O40\u2014HPW or H3PMo12O40\u2014HPMo) were tested and combined based on Taguchi\u2019s L8 orthogonal array. As a result, HPW-Nb2O5 calcined at 300 \u00b0C was selected as it presented optimal HMF production performance (9.5% yield). Subsequently, the reaction conditions capable of maximizing HMF production from glucose using the selected catalyst were established. In these experiments, different temperatures (160 or 200 \u00b0C), acetone-to-water ratios (1:1 or 3:1 v\/v), glucose concentrations (50 or 100 g\/L), and catalyst concentrations (1 or 5% w\/v) were evaluated according to a Taguchi\u2019s L16 experimental design. The conditions that resulted in the highest HMF yield (40.8%) consisted of using 50 g\/L of glucose at 160 \u00b0C, 1:1 (v\/v) acetone-to-water ratio, and catalyst concentration of 5% (w\/v). Recycling tests revealed that the catalyst can be used in four runs, which results in the same HMF yield (approx. 40%).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/en13030655","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,5]],"date-time":"2020-02-05T03:18:48Z","timestamp":1580872728000},"page":"655","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Synthesis and Application of Heterogeneous Catalysts Based on Heteropolyacids for 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural Production from Glucose"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"J\u00e9ssica","family":"Siqueira Mancilha Nogueira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, Engineering School of Lorena, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, 12602-810 Lorena\/SP, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o Paulo","family":"Alves Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, Engineering School of Lorena, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, 12602-810 Lorena\/SP, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7182-6198","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Solange I.","family":"Mussatto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark"}]},{"given":"Livia","family":"Melo Carneiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, Engineering School of Lorena, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, 12602-810 Lorena\/SP, Brazil"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Mussatto, S.I. 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