{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T14:11:43Z","timestamp":1776867103780,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":110,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,26]],"date-time":"2021-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614297600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"European Regional Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SOE3\/P3\/E0901"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SOE3\/P3\/E0901"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004837","name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PID2019-104149RB-100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2019-104149RB-100"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004837","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Energies"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Renewable generation and energy storage systems are technologies which evoke the future energy paradigm. While these technologies have reached their technological maturity, the way they are integrated and operated in the future smart grids still presents several challenges. Microgrids appear as a key technology to pave the path towards the integration and optimized operation in smart grids. However, the optimization of microgrids considered as a set of subsystems introduces a high degree of complexity in the associated control problem. Model Predictive Control (MPC) is a control methodology which has been satisfactorily applied to solve complex control problems in the industry and also currently it is widely researched and adopted in the research community. This paper reviews the application of MPC to microgrids from the point of view of their main functionalities, describing the design methodology and the main current advances. Finally, challenges and future perspectives of MPC and its applications in microgrids are described and summarized.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/en14051296","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,26]],"date-time":"2021-02-26T21:02:34Z","timestamp":1614373354000},"page":"1296","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":89,"title":["Model Predictive Control for Microgrid Functionalities: Review and Future Challenges"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7240-706X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felix","family":"Garcia-Torres","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Application Unit, Centro Nacional del Hidrogeno, 13500 Puertollano, Ciudad Real, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9505-8050","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ascension","family":"Zafra-Cabeza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Systems Engineering and Automatic Control, Universidad de Sevilla, 41092 Sevilla, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7532-3993","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IN+ Center for Innovation, Technology and Policy Research, Mechanical Engineering Department, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico (IST), Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2000-3001","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephane","family":"Grieu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Processes, Materials and Solar Energy (PROMES-CNRS) Laboratory, University of Perpignan Via Domitia, 66100 Perpignan, France"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0171-0189","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tejaswinee","family":"Darure","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Processes, Materials and Solar Energy (PROMES-CNRS) Laboratory, University of Perpignan Via Domitia, 66100 Perpignan, France"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0476-2526","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Estanqueiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidade de Energias Renov\u00e1veis e Efici\u00eancia Energ\u00e9tica, Laboratorio Nacional de Energia e Geologia, 1649-038 Lisbon, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marnay, C., Chatzivasileiadis, S., Abbey, C., Iravani, R., Joos, G., Lombardi, P., Mancarella, P., and von Appen, J. 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