{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T12:43:55Z","timestamp":1774701835127,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,13]],"date-time":"2021-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626134400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"ERDF Interreg Atlantic Area Programme 2014\u20132020","award":["EAPA_198\/2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EAPA_198\/2016"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Energies"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Most renewable energy (RE) studies focus on technology readiness, environmental benefits and\/or cost savings. The market permeation, viability and adoption of RE technologies such as micro hydropower (MHP), however, require the alignment of other interrelated factors, such as the socio-technical, institutional and political dimensions. This is particularly the case where the energy recovery potential in decentralised water networks is being explored as part of a wholesome sustainability strategy by and for individual and communal prosumers. This study employs a socio-technical approach to understand factors that influence the perceived viability and adoption of MHP in group water-energy schemes. Methods included a progressive literature review to formulate a conceptual framework for the implementation of MHP systems. The framework was validated using survey data from representative stakeholders from groups schemes in Ireland and Spain. These stakeholders were sampled and surveyed at the stage of considering the adoption of MHP in their water networks. The findings highlight the push\u2013pull factors and discusses the opportunities and barriers to the adoption of MHP systems. It confirms that the market, institutional and policy context, cost and financial benefits, social support and collaborative services combine to influence the adoption of MHP technology. Thus, a framework for evaluating the socio-technical viability of MHP systems based on these more realistic integrated, multi-dimensional criteria is proposed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/en14144222","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,13]],"date-time":"2021-07-13T22:25:31Z","timestamp":1626215131000},"page":"4222","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Socio-Technical Viability Framework for Micro Hydropower in Group Water-Energy Schemes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8859-1324","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kemi","family":"Adeyeye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0848-6151","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John","family":"Gallagher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil, Structural & Environmental Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, College Green, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8715-1180","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aonghus","family":"McNabola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil, Structural & Environmental Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, College Green, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9028-9711","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helena M.","family":"Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Civil Engineering, Architecture and Georesources Department, CERIS, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Coughlan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Trinity Business School, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, College Green, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"EIA (2019). International Energy Outlook 2019 with Projections to 2050, Energy Information Administration."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2011.07.151","article-title":"What is the global potential for renewable energy?","volume":"16","author":"Moriarty","year":"2012","journal-title":"Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"European Commission (2014). A Policy Framework for Climate and Energy in the Period from 2020 to 2030, European Commission. 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