{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T01:20:30Z","timestamp":1769908830249,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,13]],"date-time":"2023-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676246400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"National Funds through FCT\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/05037\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/05037\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"National Funds through FCT\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/04643\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04643\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"FCT\u2014Portugal National Agency","award":["UIDB\/05037\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/05037\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT\u2014Portugal National Agency","award":["UIDB\/04643\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04643\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Energies"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This article investigates the impact of fiscal and financial incentives for energy efficiency labels on eco-friendly houses (houses with high energy efficiency certificates, such as A+, A, B, and B\u2212) in 18 municipalities in the Lisbon metropolitan region during the period 2014\u20132020. The empirical results indicate that the variables of fiscal incentive policies for energy efficiency labels, income per capita, credit agreements for the purchase or construction of a house, and the number of completed dwellings in new constructions for family housing encourage eco-friendly houses. In contrast, the variable number of completed reconstructions per 100 completed new constructions has a negative impact. Although this study is constrained by data limitations resulting from the short period under analysis and the moderate number of municipalities available, it advances the discussions around energy efficiency in residential properties in Portugal. Furthermore, it investigates the effectiveness of tax incentive policies for energy efficiency seals as an instrument for promoting ecological houses in the municipalities of the Lisbon metropolitan area. Thus, the need to study the Portuguese capital stands out as it is the most populous city in the country and concentrates a large part of the economic activity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/en16041839","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,13]],"date-time":"2023-02-13T02:14:11Z","timestamp":1676254451000},"page":"1839","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Assessing the Role of Financial Incentives in Promoting Eco-Friendly Houses in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area\u2014Portugal"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0062-4476","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matheus","family":"Koengkan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Coimbra Institute for Legal Research (UCILeR), University of Coimbra, 3000-018 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6937-5420","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Alberto","family":"Fuinhas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Economics, Centre for Business and Economics Research (CeBER), University of Coimbra, 3004-512 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Magdalena","family":"Radulescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Finance, Accounting and Economics, University of Pitesti, 110040 Pitesti, Romania"},{"name":"Institute for Doctoral and Post-Doctoral Studies, University \u201cLucian Blaga\u201d Sibiu, Bd. Victoriei, No. 10, 550024 Sibiu, Romania"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5791-671X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emad","family":"Kazemzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 1357, Iran"}]},{"given":"Nooshin Karimi","family":"Alavijeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 1357, Iran"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4338-1590","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Renato","family":"Santiago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Economics and Management, Lus\u00f3fona do Porto University, R. de Augusto Rosa 24, 4000-098 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3109-4893","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00f4nica","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Economics, Federal Fluminense University, Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro 24220-900, Brazil"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2014.11.066","article-title":"A global review of energy consumption, CO2 emissions and policy in the residential sector (with an overview of the top ten CO2 emitting countries)","volume":"43","author":"Nejat","year":"2015","journal-title":"Renew. 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