{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T23:59:57Z","timestamp":1772755197866,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,3]],"date-time":"2023-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677801600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Regional Development Fund\u2014FEDER","award":["POCI-01-0247-FEDER-033637"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POCI-01-0247-FEDER-033637"]}]},{"name":"European Regional Development Fund\u2014FEDER","award":["UIBD\/EMS\/04077\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIBD\/EMS\/04077\/2020"]}]},{"name":"European Regional Development Fund\u2014FEDER","award":["UIDB\/04436\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04436\/2020"]}]},{"name":"European Regional Development Fund\u2014FEDER","award":["UIDB\/05256\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/05256\/2020"]}]},{"name":"European Regional Development Fund\u2014FEDER","award":["UIDP\/05256\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/05256\/2020"]}]},{"name":"European Regional Development Fund\u2014FEDER","award":["UID\/CTM\/00264\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/CTM\/00264\/2021"]}]},{"name":"European Regional Development Fund\u2014FEDER","award":["UIDP\/00264\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/00264\/2020"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"FCT","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["POCI-01-0247-FEDER-033637"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POCI-01-0247-FEDER-033637"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"FCT","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIBD\/EMS\/04077\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIBD\/EMS\/04077\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"FCT","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/04436\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04436\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"FCT","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/05256\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/05256\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"FCT","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDP\/05256\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/05256\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"FCT","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UID\/CTM\/00264\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/CTM\/00264\/2021"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"FCT","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDP\/00264\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/00264\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Energies"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Fibrous materials are often used in the manufacturing of fire protection devices such as fire curtains. Their optimization and improved performance is still a topic of interest. The present work aims to develop and test a new combination of fibers arranged in various 2D and 3D patterns with coatings. For this purpose, basalt fibers were added into a glass fiber fabric, and wires of a shape memory material (SMM) were inserted into the fabric to create air pockets induced by temperature. In fire curtains, the base structure is a 2D basket pattern, and all combinations were tested with and without a waterborne polyurethane (WPU) coating with inorganic materials. Three different tests were selected to characterize the thermal behavior: fire resistance, ignitability, and smoke production. Fiberglass proved to be the best material to provide thermal resistance in fire curtains, with the outer surface temperature of the fabric below 650 \u00b0C at the end of the tests. The SMM wires provided good protection during the initial stages of the test, but a combination of excessive deformation and reduced strength of the fabric resulted in a sudden failure of the structure. Basalt fibers contribute to a reduction of smoke production. It was observed an improvement of up to 10% in the thermal capacity between 1MIX2 (glass fibers fabric with coating, MIX2) and the best commercial curtain evaluated, Commercial3 (glass and steel fibers fabric with coating).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/en16052426","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,6]],"date-time":"2023-03-06T02:06:43Z","timestamp":1678068403000},"page":"2426","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Experimental Thermal Behavior of Fibrous Structures for High-Performance Heat Resistant Fire Curtains"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8454-0503","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diogo","family":"Cunha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MEtRICs Research Centre, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3303-6563","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raul","family":"Fangueiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2C2T Research Centre, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"},{"name":"Fibrenamics Association\u2014Institute for Innovation in Fiber and Composites Materials, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0950-4961","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Bessa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fibrenamics Association\u2014Institute for Innovation in Fiber and Composites Materials, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Concei\u00e7\u00e3o","family":"Paiva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IPC Research Centre, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IPC Research Centre, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Elisabete","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mehler Engineered Products Portugal, Lda, 4770-330 Landim, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Dion\u00edsio","family":"Silveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mehler Engineered Products Portugal, Lda, 4770-330 Landim, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1884-2380","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Delfim","family":"Soares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CMEMS Research Centre, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]},{"given":"C\u00e2ndida","family":"Vilarinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MEtRICs Research Centre, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Brushlinsky, N., Sokolov, S., Hall, J., and Wagner, P. 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Part B"},{"key":"ref_20","first-page":"2","article-title":"Foulard technology and impregnation or double-side coating without edge coating","volume":"41","author":"Giessmann","year":"2008","journal-title":"Coating"},{"key":"ref_21","unstructured":"Bhat, T., Chevali, V., Liu, X., Feih, S., and Mouritz, A.P. (2014, January 22\u201326). Fire performance of basalt fibre composites under tensile loading. Proceedings of the 16th European Conference on Composite Materials, ECCM 2014, Seville, Spain."},{"key":"ref_22","unstructured":"Benichou, N., and Sultan, M. (1999). Fire Resistance of Lightweight Wood-Framed Assemblies: State-of-the-Art Report, Institute for Research in Construction."}],"container-title":["Energies"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1996-1073\/16\/5\/2426\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T18:46:59Z","timestamp":1760122019000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1996-1073\/16\/5\/2426"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,3]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]}},"alternative-id":["en16052426"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/en16052426","relation":{},"ISSN":["1996-1073"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1996-1073","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,3]]}}}