{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T17:25:10Z","timestamp":1762017910482,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,23]],"date-time":"2016-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1458691200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Energies"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The rapid development of modern society has resulted in an increased demand for energy, mainly from fossil fuels. The use of this source of energy has led to the accumulation of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere. In this context, microalgae culturing may be an effective solution to reduce the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere, since these microorganisms can capture CO2 and, simultaneously, produce bioenergy. This work consists of a techno-economic assessment of a microalgal production facility integrated in a petrochemical complex, in which established infrastructure allows efficient material and energy transport. Seven different scenarios were considered regarding photosynthetic, lipids extraction and anaerobic digestion efficiencies. This analysis has demonstrated six economically viable scenarios able to: (i) reduce CO2 emissions from a thermoelectric power plant; (ii) treat domestic wastewaters (which were used as culture medium); and (iii) produce lipids and electrical and thermal energy. For a 100-ha facility, considering a photosynthetic efficiency of 3%, a lipids extraction efficiency of 75% and an anaerobic digestion efficiency of 45% (scenario 3), an economically viable process was obtained (net present value of 22.6 million euros), being effective in both CO2 removal (accounting for 1.1 \u00d7 104 t per year) and energy production (annual energy produced was 1.6 \u00d7 107 kWh and annual lipids productivity was 1.9 \u00d7 103 m3).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/en9040224","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,23]],"date-time":"2016-03-23T11:40:54Z","timestamp":1458733254000},"page":"224","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Integration of Microalgae-Based Bioenergy Production into a Petrochemical Complex: Techno-Economic Assessment"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Ana","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"LEPABE, Departamento de Engenharia Qu\u00edmica, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, Porto 4200-465, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Alvim-Ferraz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LEPABE, Departamento de Engenharia Qu\u00edmica, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, Porto 4200-465, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LEPABE, Departamento de Engenharia Qu\u00edmica, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, Porto 4200-465, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Sim\u00f5es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LEPABE, Departamento de Engenharia Qu\u00edmica, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, Porto 4200-465, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2738-5102","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Pires","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LEPABE, Departamento de Engenharia Qu\u00edmica, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, Porto 4200-465, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,23]]},"reference":[{"unstructured":"Trends in Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide, Available online: http:\/\/www.esrl.noaa.gov\/gmd\/ccgg\/trends\/.","key":"ref_1"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08019","article-title":"Warming caused by cumulative carbon emissions towards the trillionth tonne","volume":"458","author":"Allen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08823","article-title":"The next generation of scenarios for climate change research and assessment","volume":"463","author":"Moss","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1038\/461472a","article-title":"A safe operating space for humanity","volume":"461","author":"Steffen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enconman.2008.09.024","article-title":"Freshwater and marine microalgae sequestering of CO2 at different C and N concentrations\u2014Response surface methodology analysis","volume":"50","author":"Bilanovic","year":"2009","journal-title":"Energy Conv. 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