{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T18:33:15Z","timestamp":1761676395622,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,30]],"date-time":"2016-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1459296000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Energies"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Single-stage grid connected inverters are considered as an economic, compact and simple topology compared with multi-stage inverters. In photovoltaic (PV) grid connected systems, the major requirement is to achieve maximum output power from the source. Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) techniques require measurements on the DC side of the inverter connected to the PV in order to determine the current operating point on the power characteristics. Typically this is achieved by perturbing the reference output power and observe the change in the PV voltage, current or both. Based on the observation, it could be determined whether the current operating point is beyond or below maximum power. This paper presents an MPPT technique for a single-stage PV grid connected inverter where the MPPT algorithm determines the current operating point at different operating conditions based upon observing the inverter controller action. Such approach eliminates the requirement of sensing elements to be added to the converter which aids the advantages of the single-stage converter. Design of the utilized PV system is derived based on filter parameters, PV panel selection and controller parameters. Using simulation and practical implementation, the performance of the proposed MPPT technique is evaluated for the PV grid connected system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/en9040248","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,30]],"date-time":"2016-03-30T16:47:27Z","timestamp":1459356447000},"page":"248","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["A Novel DC-Bus Sensor-less MPPT Technique for Single-Stage PV Grid-Connected Inverters"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Elsaharty","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Control Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology, Arab Academy for Science, Technology &amp; Maritime Transport, Alexandria 1029, Egypt"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9425-0032","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hamdy","family":"Ashour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Control Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology, Arab Academy for Science, Technology &amp; Maritime Transport, Alexandria 1029, Egypt"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6463-4251","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elyas","family":"Rakhshani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrical Engineering Department, Technical University of Catalonia (UPC), Barcelona 08034, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2217-5293","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edris","family":"Pouresmaeil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Beira Interior, R. Fonte do Lameiro, 6201-001 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"},{"name":"INESC-ID, Inst. Super. Tecn., University of Lisbon, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Catal\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Beira Interior, R. Fonte do Lameiro, 6201-001 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"},{"name":"INESC-ID, Inst. Super. Tecn., University of Lisbon, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"INESC TEC and Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto, R. Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1292","DOI":"10.1109\/TIA.2005.853371","article-title":"A Review of single-phase grid-connected inverters for photovoltaic modules","volume":"41","author":"Kjaer","year":"2005","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Ind. 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