{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T04:19:03Z","timestamp":1760242743159,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,16]],"date-time":"2016-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1463356800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Energies"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The current method used for calculating societal aggregated exergy efficiencies is reviewed. Cooling is introduced as an end-use category; conversion efficiencies for heating processes are obtained for each energy carrier; and electricity shares per end-use are retrieved for each sector, improving the accuracy of the estimated values of aggregated exergy efficiencies. We show that: (1) cooling uses are a relevant end-use in Portugal and that their introduction decreased overall efficiency by 3.4% in 2009; and (2) disaggregating the heating second law efficiencies for each energy carrier has a significant effect on the aggregated efficiencies of the country, decreasing aggregated efficiency by 1.3% in 2009. We studied two other factors that showed no significant impact on aggregated exergy efficiency: a technological lag of 10 years in the efficiency of stationary mechanical drive devices and the use of a year-specific ambient temperature to compute exergy efficiencies of heating processes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/en9050364","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,17]],"date-time":"2016-05-17T10:20:11Z","timestamp":1463480411000},"page":"364","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["How Much Detail Should We Use to Compute Societal Aggregated Exergy Efficiencies?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9248-5794","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel","family":"Palma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Maretec, Environment and Energy Scientific Area, DEM, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico (IST), Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"T\u00e2nia","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maretec, Environment and Energy Scientific Area, DEM, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico (IST), Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1254-8423","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zeus","family":"Guevara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maretec, Environment and Energy Scientific Area, DEM, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico (IST), Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,16]]},"reference":[{"unstructured":"Science Europe Physical Chemical and Mathematical Sciences (2015). 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