{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T14:28:15Z","timestamp":1766068095002,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":115,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,13]],"date-time":"2024-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728777600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","award":["LA\/P\/0083\/2020","UIDP\/50009\/2020","UIDB\/50009\/2020","UIDB\/00297\/2020","UIDP\/00297\/2020","UIDB\/04152\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0083\/2020","UIDP\/50009\/2020","UIDB\/50009\/2020","UIDB\/00297\/2020","UIDP\/00297\/2020","UIDB\/04152\/2020"]}]},{"name":"National funds funded the research conducted by Ricardo Moura through FCT, I.P., Center for Mathematics and Applications (NOVA Math)","award":["LA\/P\/0083\/2020","UIDP\/50009\/2020","UIDB\/50009\/2020","UIDB\/00297\/2020","UIDP\/00297\/2020","UIDB\/04152\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0083\/2020","UIDP\/50009\/2020","UIDB\/50009\/2020","UIDB\/00297\/2020","UIDP\/00297\/2020","UIDB\/04152\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Gest\u00e3o de Informa\u00e7\u00e3o","award":["LA\/P\/0083\/2020","UIDP\/50009\/2020","UIDB\/50009\/2020","UIDB\/00297\/2020","UIDP\/00297\/2020","UIDB\/04152\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0083\/2020","UIDP\/50009\/2020","UIDB\/50009\/2020","UIDB\/00297\/2020","UIDP\/00297\/2020","UIDB\/04152\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Environments"],"abstract":"<jats:p>It is of the utmost importance for every country to monitor and control maritime pollution within its exclusive economic zone (EEZ). The European Maritime Safety Agency (EMSA) has developed and implemented the CleanSeaNet (CSN) satellite monitoring system to aid in the surveillance and control of hydrocarbon and hazardous substance spills in the ocean. This system\u2019s primary objective is to alert European Union (EU) coastal states to potential spills within their EEZs, enabling them to take the necessary legal and operational actions. To reduce operational costs and increase response capability, the feasibility of implementing a national network (NN) of unmanned vehicles (UVs), both surface and aerial, was explored using a Portuguese case study. The following approach and analysis can be easily generalized to other case studies, bringing essential knowledge to the field. Analyzing oil spill alert events in the Portuguese EEZ between 2017 and 2021 and performing a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis, essential information has been proposed for the optimal location of an NN of UVs. The study results demonstrate that integrating spill alerts at sea with UVs may significantly improve response time, costs, and personnel involvement, making maritime pollution combat actions more effective.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/environments11100224","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,14]],"date-time":"2024-10-14T05:47:58Z","timestamp":1728884878000},"page":"224","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Revolutionizing Ocean Cleanup: A Portuguese Case Study with Unmanned Vehicles Fighting Spills"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8079-9451","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nuno","family":"Pessanha Santos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Portuguese Military Research Center (CINAMIL), Portuguese Military Academy (Academia Militar), R. Gomes Freire 203, 1169-203 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute for Systems and Robotics (ISR), Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico (IST), Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Portuguese Navy Research Center (CINAV), Portuguese Naval Academy (Escola Naval), Base Naval de Lisboa, Alfeite, 2800-001 Almada, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3003-9235","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ricardo","family":"Moura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Portuguese Navy Research Center (CINAV), Portuguese Naval Academy (Escola Naval), Base Naval de Lisboa, Alfeite, 2800-001 Almada, Portugal"},{"name":"Centro de Matem\u00e1tica e Aplica\u00e7\u00f5es (NovaMath), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus da Caparica, 2829-516 Almada, Portugal"},{"name":"School of Economics and Management (ISEG), Universidade de Lisboa, Rua do Quelhas 6, 1200-781 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"Louren\u00e7o Antunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Portuguese Navy Research Center (CINAV), Portuguese Naval Academy (Escola Naval), Base Naval de Lisboa, Alfeite, 2800-001 Almada, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0149-3367","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victor","family":"Lobo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Portuguese Navy Research Center (CINAV), Portuguese Naval Academy (Escola Naval), Base Naval de Lisboa, Alfeite, 2800-001 Almada, Portugal"},{"name":"NOVA Information Management School (NOVA IMS), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus de Campolide, 1070-312 Lisbon, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Seckler, D.W. 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