{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T13:50:03Z","timestamp":1777643403862,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":117,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]],"date-time":"2024-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733702400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia (FCT)","award":["UIDB\/04292\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04292\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia (FCT)","award":["UIDP\/04292\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04292\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia (FCT)","award":["UIDB\/50020\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/50020\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia (FCT)","award":["UIDP\/50020\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/50020\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia (FCT)","award":["LA\/P\/0045\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0045\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia (FCT)","award":["LA\/P\/0069\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0069\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia (FCT)","award":["02-C05-i01.02-2022.PC644943391-00000051"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["02-C05-i01.02-2022.PC644943391-00000051"]}]},{"name":"Mobilizing Agenda Sustainable Stone by Portugal\u2014Valorization of Natural Stone for a digital, sustainable and qualified future","award":["UIDB\/04292\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04292\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Mobilizing Agenda Sustainable Stone by Portugal\u2014Valorization of Natural Stone for a digital, sustainable and qualified future","award":["UIDP\/04292\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04292\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Mobilizing Agenda Sustainable Stone by Portugal\u2014Valorization of Natural Stone for a digital, sustainable and qualified future","award":["UIDB\/50020\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/50020\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Mobilizing Agenda Sustainable Stone by Portugal\u2014Valorization of Natural Stone for a digital, sustainable and qualified future","award":["UIDP\/50020\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/50020\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Mobilizing Agenda Sustainable Stone by Portugal\u2014Valorization of Natural Stone for a digital, sustainable and qualified future","award":["LA\/P\/0045\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0045\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Mobilizing Agenda Sustainable Stone by Portugal\u2014Valorization of Natural Stone for a digital, sustainable and qualified future","award":["LA\/P\/0069\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0069\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Mobilizing Agenda Sustainable Stone by Portugal\u2014Valorization of Natural Stone for a digital, sustainable and qualified future","award":["02-C05-i01.02-2022.PC644943391-00000051"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["02-C05-i01.02-2022.PC644943391-00000051"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Environments"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Limestone has always been widely used in various sectors, thus having significant economic and environmental impacts. The quarrying process is, on the one hand, essential, but on the other, harmful to the environment and people\u2019s health, therefore, the challenge is finding a balance. This review explores the multifaceted nature of limestone, a sedimentary rock predominantly composed of calcium carbonate. The formation of limestone, along with its various types and global occurrence, is discussed to provide a basic understanding. The diverse applications of limestone range from historical uses in ancient monuments to contemporary roles in cement production, plasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and soda\u2013lime glass. The discussion extends to post-mining solutions, showcasing successful rehabilitation and innovative repurposing of former quarries into useful infrastructures, wildlife habitats, and cultural spaces. This article draws attention to the importance of sustainable practices and technological developments to balance resource use with environmental conservation. Ultimately, it emphasizes the need for responsible limestone quarrying and proactive rehabilitation strategies to ensure that no permanent ecological problems will occur.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/environments11120283","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]],"date-time":"2024-12-09T08:17:49Z","timestamp":1733732269000},"page":"283","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Digging Deeper: Assessing the Impact of Limestone Exploitation and Use Worldwide"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-6359-9416","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joana","family":"Carrasqueira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE\u2014Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ARNET\u2014Aquatic Research Network, School of Tourism and Maritime Technology, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, 2520-614 Peniche, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4167-5237","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cl\u00e9lia","family":"Afonso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE\u2014Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ARNET\u2014Aquatic Research Network, School of Tourism and Maritime Technology, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, 2520-614 Peniche, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8008-9839","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Manuel","family":"Gil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE\u2014Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ARNET\u2014Aquatic Research Network, School of Tourism and Maritime Technology, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, 2520-614 Peniche, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7775-0614","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raul","family":"Bernardino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE\u2014Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ARNET\u2014Aquatic Research Network, School of Tourism and Maritime Technology, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, 2520-614 Peniche, Portugal"},{"name":"LSRE-LCM\u2014Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering-Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"School of Technology and Management (ESTG), Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal"},{"name":"ALiCE\u2014Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3960-9943","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberto","family":"Gamboa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE\u2014Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ARNET\u2014Aquatic Research Network, School of Tourism and Maritime Technology, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, 2520-614 Peniche, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6152-265X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S\u00f3nia Duarte","family":"Barroso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE\u2014Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ARNET\u2014Aquatic Research Network, School of Tourism and Maritime Technology, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, 2520-614 Peniche, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Susana","family":"Bernardino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE\u2014Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ARNET\u2014Aquatic Research Network, School of Tourism and Maritime Technology, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, 2520-614 Peniche, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Oates, J.A.H. 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