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Oysters cultivated in the Lima estuary (NW Portugal) were sampled in autumn and winter, along with adjacent surface water and sediment, to investigate potential contamination sources. MP concentrations in oysters varied temporally, with higher levels in October 2023 (0.48 \u00b1 0.34 MPs g\u22121 ww) than in February 2024 (0.09 \u00b1 0.07 MPs g\u22121 ww), while the environmental levels remained stable across dates. All MPs were fibres, predominantly transparent, followed by blue and black. Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed cellulose and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) as dominant polymers in oysters and environmental samples. No clear correlation was found between MPs in oysters and surrounding compartments. Laboratory depuration reduced MPs by 78% within 48 h, highlighting its potential as a mitigation strategy. However, depuration was less effective under commercial conditions, possibly due to lower initial contamination levels. These findings suggest that oysters may act as a vector for human exposure to MPs via seafood consumption. While depuration shows promise in reducing contamination, further research is needed to optimise commercial protocols and enhance the safety of aquaculture products.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/environments12080254","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,25]],"date-time":"2025-07-25T09:35:11Z","timestamp":1753436111000},"page":"254","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Assessing Microplastic Contamination and Depuration Effectiveness in Farmed Pacific Oysters (Crassostrea gigas)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Cl\u00e1udia","family":"Moura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leix\u00f5es, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Diogo M.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leix\u00f5es, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira n\u00ba 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5893-1356","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisca","family":"Espincho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leix\u00f5es, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7028-2168","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sabrina M.","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leix\u00f5es, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira n\u00ba 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"R\u00faben","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leix\u00f5es, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira n\u00ba 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6836-0331","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C. Marisa R.","family":"Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leix\u00f5es, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal"},{"name":"Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s\/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leix\u00f5es, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal"},{"name":"Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s\/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2097-1704","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"V\u00e2nia","family":"Freitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leix\u00f5es, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"467","article-title":"Floatables and plastic debris in estuarine and coastal marine environments","volume":"Volume 6","author":"Baird","year":"2024","journal-title":"Treatise on Estuarine and Coastal Science"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126843","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2021.126843","article-title":"Microplastics and environmental pollutants: Key interaction and toxicology in aquatic and soil environments","volume":"422","author":"Xiang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. 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