{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,30]],"date-time":"2025-11-30T22:34:18Z","timestamp":1764542058030,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,21]],"date-time":"2020-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1584748800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011672","name":"Mohamed bin Zayed Species Conservation Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["13055714"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["13055714"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011672","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia (FCT)","award":["SFRH\/BPD\/79913\/2011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BPD\/79913\/2011"]}]},{"name":"national funds under the scope of \u2018Norma transit\u00f3ria\u2019 trough FCT","award":["DL57\/2016\/CP1440\/CT0002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DL57\/2016\/CP1440\/CT0002"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014440","name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PGC2018-098290-B-I00 (co-funded by FEDER)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PGC2018-098290-B-I00 (co-funded by FEDER)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014440","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010198","name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda, Industria y Competitividad, Gobierno de Espa\u00f1a","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CGL2012-36970 (co-funded by FEDER)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CGL2012-36970 (co-funded by FEDER)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010198","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Forests"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Umbrella species are defined as species that can be rare and sensitive to human disturbance, whose protection may confer the protection of other co-occurring species. The dragon\u2019s blood tree Dracaena cinnabari Balf.f. was already considered an umbrella species on Socotra Island (Indic Ocean, Yemen) due to its ecological importance for some native biota. We studied the reptile community living on D. cinnabari from Socotra Island. We sampled reptiles on trees across most D. cinnabari populations and applied co-occurrence and network partition analyses to check if the presence of reptiles on D. cinnabari populations was random or structured. Regardless of its patched and scarce actual distribution, we report the use of this tree as a habitat by more than half of the reptile community (12 endemic reptiles). Co-occurrence and network partition analyses demonstrate that this community is structured across the distribution of dragon\u2019s blood trees, reflecting complex allopatric, vicariant, and biotic interaction processes. Hence, these trees act as micro-hotspots for reptiles, that is, as areas where endemic and rare species that are under threat at the landscape scale co-occur. This Socotra endemic tree is currently threatened by overgrazing, overmaturity, and climate change. Its protection and declaration as an umbrella species are expected to benefit the reptile community and to protect evolutionary processes that are partially driven by the ecological links between reptiles and this tree. To our knowledge, no tree species has been proposed as an umbrella species for island vertebrate endemics so far, highlighting the ecological uniqueness of Socotra Island.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/f11030353","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,23]],"date-time":"2020-03-23T04:03:01Z","timestamp":1584936181000},"page":"353","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Micro-Hotspots for Conservation: An Umbrella Tree Species for the Unique Socotran Reptile Fauna"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4717-9429","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raquel","family":"Vasconcelos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CIBIO, Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Biodiversidade e Recursos Gen\u00e9ticos, InBIO Laborat\u00f3rio Associado, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agr\u00e1rio de Vair\u00e3o, R. Pe. Armando Quintas, 4485\u2013661 Vair\u00e3o, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute of Evolutionary Biology (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Passeig Mar\u00edtim de la Barceloneta 37\u201349, E-08003 Barcelona, Spain"}]},{"given":"Eudald","family":"Pujol-Bux\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ci\u00e8ncies Ambientals and Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona, Avinguda Diagonal, 643\u2013645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain"}]},{"given":"Gustavo A.","family":"Llorente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ci\u00e8ncies Ambientals and Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona, Avinguda Diagonal, 643\u2013645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Saeed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environment Protection Authority, Socotra Branch, Hadibo, Socotra, Yemen"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5378-3008","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Salvador","family":"Carranza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Evolutionary Biology (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Passeig Mar\u00edtim de la Barceloneta 37\u201349, E-08003 Barcelona, Spain"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1739.1997.96319.x","article-title":"Focal species: A multi-species umbrella for nature conservation","volume":"11","author":"Lambeck","year":"1997","journal-title":"Conserv. 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