{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T04:34:24Z","timestamp":1775104464613,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,31]],"date-time":"2022-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648684800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Forests"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Forest fires causes and motivations are poorly understood in southern and south-eastern Europe. This research aims to identify how experts perceive the different causes of forest fires as defined in the classification proposed by the European Commission in 2013. A panel of experts (N = 271) was gathered from the EU Southern Member States (France, Greece, Italy, Portugal, and Spain) and from Central (Switzerland) and south-eastern Europe (Croatia, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Republic of North Macedonia, and Turkey). Experts were asked to answer a questionnaire to score the importance of the 29 fire causes using a five point (1\u20135) Likert Scale. Agricultural burnings received the highest score, followed by Deliberate fire for profit, and Vegetation management. Most of the events stem from Negligence, whereas malicious fire setting is arguably overestimated although there are differences among the countries. This research demonstrates the importance of different techniques to enhance the knowledge of the causes of the complex anthropogenic phenomenon of forest fire occurrence.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/f13040562","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,31]],"date-time":"2022-03-31T21:33:03Z","timestamp":1648762383000},"page":"562","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Forest Fire Causes and Motivations in the Southern and South-Eastern Europe through Experts\u2019 Perception and Applications to Current Policies"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5435-2170","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fantina","family":"Tedim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Studies in Geography and Spatial Planning, CEGOT, Geography Department, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, University of Porto, 4150-564 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Vittorio","family":"Leone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Crop Systems, Forestry and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4774-7315","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raffaella","family":"Lovreglio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agriculture, University of Sassari, 08100 Nuoro, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0932-9323","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gavriil","family":"Xanthopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Agricultural Research Foundation, Institute of Mediterranean & Forest Ecosystems, 11528 Athens, Greece"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda-Luisa","family":"Chas-Amil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Quantitative Economics, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Ganteaume","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RECOVER-EMR, INRAE, 13182 Aix-en-Provence, France"}]},{"given":"Recep","family":"Efe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geography Department, Science and Arts Faculty, Bal\u0131kesir University, Bal\u0131kesir 10145, Turkey"}]},{"given":"Dominic","family":"Roy\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15703 Santiago de Compostela, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6754-4884","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Borna","family":"Fuerst-Bjeli\u0161","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}]},{"given":"Nikola","family":"Nikolov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hans Em Faculty of Forest Sciences, Landscape Architecture and Environmental Engineering, MK-1000 Skopje, North Macedonia"}]},{"given":"Snjezana","family":"Musa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography, Faculty of Science and Education, University of Mostar, 88000 Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina"}]},{"given":"Milan","family":"Milenkovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geographical Institute \u201cJovan Cviji\u0107\u201d SASA, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Correia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Studies in Geography and Spatial Planning, CEGOT, Geography Department, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, University of Porto, 4150-564 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3980-2142","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Conedera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Insubric Ecosystems Research Group, Swiss Federal Research Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, CH-6593 Cadenazzo, Switzerland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2564-3435","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gianni","family":"Boris Pezzatti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Insubric Ecosystems Research Group, Swiss Federal Research Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, CH-6593 Cadenazzo, Switzerland"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Keeley, J.E., Bond, W.J., Bradstock, R.A., Pausas, J.G., and Rundel, P.W. 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