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Sk\u0142odowska-Curie Actions Doctoral Networks","award":["YAHYA\/6G HORIZON-MSCA-2022-PF-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YAHYA\/6G HORIZON-MSCA-2022-PF-01"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Future Internet"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This work investigates the performance of distributed beamforming in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), focusing on the impact of node position errors. A comprehensive simulation testbed was developed to assess how varying network topologies and position uncertainties impact system performance. Our results reveal that distributed beamforming in the near-field is highly sensitive to position errors, resulting in a noticeable degradation in performance, particularly in terms of Bit Error Rate (BER). Cramer\u2013Rao Lower Bound (CRB) was used to analyse the theoretical limitations of position estimation accuracy and how these limitations affect beamforming performance. These findings underscore the critical importance of accurate localisation techniques and robust beamforming algorithms to fully realise the potential of distributed beamforming in practical WSN applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/fi17060236","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,27]],"date-time":"2025-05-27T09:29:36Z","timestamp":1748338176000},"page":"236","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Position Accuracy and Distributed Beamforming Performance in WSNs: A Simulation Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-8242-0624","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Casca","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es (IT), 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (DEEC), University of Coimbra (UC), 3030-290 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-0660-9749","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Prabhat","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es (IT), 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (DEEC), University of Coimbra (UC), 3030-290 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1124-525X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es (IT), 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (DEEC), University of Coimbra (UC), 3030-290 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2439-1184","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vitor","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es (IT), 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (DEEC), University of Coimbra (UC), 3030-290 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8520-7267","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui","family":"Dinis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es (IT), 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia (FCT), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Lin, M., Ou-yang, J., and Wang, J.B. 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