{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T09:44:49Z","timestamp":1776332689528,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,12]],"date-time":"2023-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678579200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"FCT\u2014Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology","award":["PCIF\/AGT\/0136\/2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PCIF\/AGT\/0136\/2017"]}]},{"name":"FCT\u2014Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology","award":["UIDB\/00295\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00295\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT\u2014Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology","award":["UIDP\/00295\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/00295\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Fire"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We characterize fire regimes in central Portugal and investigate the degree to which the differences between regimes are influenced by a set of biophysical drivers. Using civil parishes as units of analysis, we employ three complementary parameters to describe the fire regime over a reference period of 44 years (1975\u20132018), namely cumulative percentage of parish area burned, Gini concentration index of burned area over time, and area-weighted total number of wildfires. Cluster analysis is used to aggregate parishes into groups with similar fire regimes based on these parameters. A classification tree model is then used to assess the capacity of a set of potential biophysical drivers to discriminate between the different parish groups. The results allowed us to distinguish four types of fire regime and show that these can be significantly differentiated using the biophysical drivers, of which land use\/land cover (LULC), slope, and spring rainfall are the most important. Among LULC classes, shrubland and herbaceous vegetation play the foremost role, followed by agriculture. Our results highlight the importance of vegetation type, availability, and rate of regeneration, as well as that of topography, in influencing fire regimes in the study area, while suggesting that these regimes should be subject to specific wildfire prevention and mitigation policies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/fire6030112","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,13]],"date-time":"2023-03-13T02:31:55Z","timestamp":1678674715000},"page":"112","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Differentiating Fire Regimes and Their Biophysical Drivers in Central Portugal"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6709-0547","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafaello","family":"Bergonse","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Geographical Studies, Institute of Geography and Spatial Planning and Associate Laboratory TERRA, Universidade de Lisboa, Rua Branca Edm\u00e9e Marques, Cidade Universit\u00e1ria, 1600-276 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6253-4353","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sandra","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Geographical Studies, Institute of Geography and Spatial Planning and Associate Laboratory TERRA, Universidade de Lisboa, Rua Branca Edm\u00e9e Marques, Cidade Universit\u00e1ria, 1600-276 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3953-673X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Lu\u00eds","family":"Z\u00eazere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Geographical Studies, Institute of Geography and Spatial Planning and Associate Laboratory TERRA, Universidade de Lisboa, Rua Branca Edm\u00e9e Marques, Cidade Universit\u00e1ria, 1600-276 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"Moreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIBIO, Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Biodiversidade e Recursos Gen\u00e9ticos, InBIO Laborat\u00f3rio Associado, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"CIBIO, Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Biodiversidade e Recursos Gen\u00e9ticos, InBIO Laborat\u00f3rio Associado, Campus de Vair\u00e3o, Universidade do Porto, 4485-661 Vair\u00e3o, Portugal"},{"name":"BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vair\u00e3o, 4485-661 Vair\u00e3o, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2648-1888","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo Flores","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forest Research Centre, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Edif\u00edcio Prof, Azevedo Gomes, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7361-0542","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel","family":"Leal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forest Research Centre, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Edif\u00edcio Prof, Azevedo Gomes, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Manuel Lima","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forest Research Centre, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Edif\u00edcio Prof, Azevedo Gomes, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1007\/s10021-014-9773-5","article-title":"Abrupt Climate-Independent Fire Regime Changes","volume":"17","author":"Pausas","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ecosystems"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Manzello, S.L. 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