{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:36:01Z","timestamp":1760060161711,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]],"date-time":"2025-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754352000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Fire"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The main aim of this work is to compare double- or single-designed connections with wooden members and internal steel fasteners under fire conditions. Theoretical methods following Eurocodes will be used to assess the load-bearing capacity of the connections and to compare the effects of double and single shear. Several parameters will be examined to determine the load capacity. Furthermore, a numerical thermal analysis using finite element methods will be performed to estimate the temperatures inside the connections and compare them. The results show that the double shear connection in steel-to-timber, with a steel plate of any thickness as the central element and with a higher density of wood material, has better mechanical and fire resistance. Lower temperatures were also observed in this connection type in the wood material and along the length of the dowel.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/fire8080310","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]],"date-time":"2025-08-05T15:56:16Z","timestamp":1754409376000},"page":"310","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Double vs. Single Shear in Dowelled Timber Connections Under Fire Conditions, Thermal Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1854-6514","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elza M. M.","family":"Fonseca","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ISEP, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico do Porto, R. Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nguyen, M., Ouldboukhitine, S., Durif, S., Saulnier, V., and Bouchair, A. (2023). Passive fire protection of steel profiles using wood. Eng. Struct., 275 Pt A.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engstruct.2022.115274"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1002\/1099-1018(200101\/02)25:1<21::AID-FAM754>3.0.CO;2-E","article-title":"Fire resistance of timber decking for heavy timber construction","volume":"25","author":"Richardson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Fire Mater."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kia, L., and Valipour, H.R. (2021). Composite timber-steel encased columns subjected to concentric loading. 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J."}],"container-title":["Fire"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2571-6255\/8\/8\/310\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T18:23:55Z","timestamp":1760034235000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2571-6255\/8\/8\/310"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]}},"alternative-id":["fire8080310"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/fire8080310","relation":{},"ISSN":["2571-6255"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2571-6255"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]]}}}