{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:16:45Z","timestamp":1760059005118,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":167,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,15]],"date-time":"2025-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747267200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Fishes"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The Lima River in northern Portugal serves as a vital habitat for diadromous fish species, yet it remains one of the least studied aquatic systems in the region. This study investigates the ecology and biology of key diadromous fish populations, including sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus), shads (Alosa alosa and Alosa fallax), trout (Salmo trutta), and European eel (Anguilla anguilla), during their reproductive migration and riverine periods. A total of 3242 individuals from 15 species were sampled, with native species accounting for 51.1% of the catch. Results revealed significant differences in size and weight of lampreys, with individuals from the Lima River being significantly smaller than those from regional rivers such as the Minho and Mondego. Shad populations showed a high proportion of hybrids (33.8%), suggesting extensive hybridization between A. alosa and A. fallax. Analysis of trout stomach contents revealed a diverse diet dominated by insects (66.9%), crustaceans (6.8%), and fish (6.8%), but also an alarming presence of plastic debris (1.1%), highlighting potential pollution problems. For European eels, this study marks the first record of the invasive swim bladder parasite Anguillicola crassus in the Lima River, with 84.8% of eels sampled showing moderate to severe swim bladder damage. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of diadromous fish ecology and emphasize the importance of conservation efforts in estuarine systems worldwide.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/fishes10050230","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,15]],"date-time":"2025-05-15T09:58:27Z","timestamp":1747303107000},"page":"230","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Assessing Diadromous Fish Populations in the Lima River, Northwest Iberian Peninsula"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2127-0232","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu\u00eds","family":"Pereira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5252-1700","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ulisses","family":"Azeiteiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3736-5743","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Antunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros de Leix\u00f5es, Av. General Norton de Matos s\/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal"},{"name":"Aquamuseu do Rio Minho, Parque do Castelinho, 4920-290 Vila Nova de Cerveira, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/S0141-1136(01)00111-8","article-title":"Coastal fish indicate human-induced changes in the Mediterranean littoral","volume":"53","author":"Guidetti","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mar. Environ. Res."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"943586","DOI":"10.3389\/fenvs.2022.943586","article-title":"A century of anthropogenic river alterations in a highly diverse river coastal basin: Effects on fish assemblages","volume":"10","author":"Moraga","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Environ. Sci."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Craig, J.F. (2015). Introduction. Freshwater Fisheries Ecology, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118394380"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s12562-014-0815-x","article-title":"Recreational fisheries in the USA: Economics, management strategies, and ecological threats","volume":"81","author":"Hughes","year":"2015","journal-title":"Fish. Sci."},{"key":"ref_5","unstructured":"Helfman, G. (2008). Fish Conservation: A Guide to Understanding and Restoring Global Aquatic Biodiversity and Fishery Resources, Bibliovault OAI Repository, the University of Chicago Press."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Closs, G.P., Krkosek, M., and Olden, J.D. (2015). Lost fishes, who is counting? The extent of the threat to freshwater fish biodiversity. Conservation of Freshwater Fishes, Cambridge University Press. Conservation Biology.","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9781139627085"},{"key":"ref_7","unstructured":"Thibault, M., and Billard, R. (1987). \u00c9l\u00e9ments de la probl\u00e9matique du saumon Atlantique en France. La Restauration des Rivi\u00e8res \u00e0 Saumon, INRA."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1080\/23308249.2021.1937044","article-title":"The Decline and Impending Collapse of the Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Population in the North Atlantic Ocean: A Review of Possible Causes","volume":"30","author":"Dadswell","year":"2021","journal-title":"Rev. Fish. Sci. Aquac."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Denis, J., Lepage, M., Gruselle, M.-C., and Amara, R. (2024). The Influence of Natural and Anthropogenic Environmental Pressures on European Eel Abundances in French Estuaries. Fishes, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/fishes9020044"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pelster, B. (2023). Swimbladder Function in the European Eel Anguilla anguilla. Fishes, 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/fishes8030125"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1007\/s11160-015-9383-0","article-title":"New insights into biology and ecology of the Minho River Allis shad (Alosa alosa L.): Contribution to the conservation of one of the last European shad populations","volume":"25","author":"Mota","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rev. Fish Biol. Fisher"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Azeiteiro, U.M., Pereira, M.J., Soares, A.M.V.M., Braga, H.O., Morgado, F., Sousa, M.C., Dias, J.M., and Antunes, C. (2021). Dynamics of Two Anadromous Species in a Dam Intersected River: Analysis of Two 100-Year Datasets. Fishes, 6.","DOI":"10.3390\/fishes6020021"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Antunes, C., Cobo, F., and Ara\u00fajo, M.J. (2015). Iberian inland fisheries. Freshwater Fisheries Ecology, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118394380.ch23"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1077997","DOI":"10.3389\/fmars.2022.1077997","article-title":"A long-term ichthyoplankton monitoring program suggests climate-induced environmental variabilities changed fish communities in the Hudson River estuary","volume":"9","author":"Chang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Mar. Sci."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1007\/s00267-009-9329-1","article-title":"Climate Change and River Ecosystems: Protection and Adaptation Options","volume":"44","author":"Palmer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environ. Manag."},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"199","article-title":"Fase larvar e metamorfose da popula\u00e7\u00e3o de lampreia (Petromyzon marinus L.) do Rio Lima","volume":"17","author":"Sousa","year":"1992","journal-title":"Publica\u00e7\u00f5es avulsas INIP"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Costa, M.J., Almeida, P.R., Domingos, I.M., Costa, J.L., Correia, M.J., Chaves, M.L., and Teixeira, C.M. (2001). Present status of the main shads\u2019 populations in Portugal. Bull. Fr. P\u00eache Piscic., 1109\u20131116.","DOI":"10.1051\/kmae:2001040"},{"key":"ref_18","unstructured":"Van Densen, W.L., Steinmetz, T.B., and Hugues, R.H. (June, January 31). Trout populations in the lima basin, north Portugal. Management of Freshwater Fisheries. Proceedings of the Symposium EIFAC, Gothenburg, Sweden."},{"key":"ref_19","unstructured":"S\u00e1, F.M.S. (2021). Estado de Popula\u00e7\u00f5es de truta-de-rio em Portugal: Influ\u00eancia de Fatores Ambientais, Bi\u00f3ticos e do Ordenamento da Pesca. [Master\u2019s Thesis, Universidade de Lisboa Portugal]."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.23818\/limn.17.12","article-title":"The brown trout Salmo trutta L. populations in the river Lima catchment","volume":"17","author":"Maia","year":"1999","journal-title":"Limnetica"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1439-0426.2002.00309.x","article-title":"Performance of fish lift recently built at the Touvedo Dam on the Lima River, Portugal","volume":"18","author":"Santos","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Appl. Ichthyol."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1016\/S0075-9511(04)80047-1","article-title":"The organisation of fish assemblages in the regulated Lima basin, Northern Portugal","volume":"34","author":"Santos","year":"2004","journal-title":"Limnologica"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mameri, D., Rivaes, R., Oliveira, J.M., P\u00e1dua, J., Ferreira, M.T., and Santos, J.M. (2020). Passability of Potamodromous Species through a Fish Lift at a Large Hydropower Plant (Touvedo, Portugal). Sustainability, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/su12010172"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2017.07.062","article-title":"Use of stable isotope ratios of fish larvae as indicators to assess diets and patterns of anthropogenic nitrogen pollution in estuarine ecosystems","volume":"83","author":"Baeta","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ecol. Indic."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pereira, H., Sousa, M.C., Vieira, L.R., Morgado, F., and Dias, J.M. (2022). Modelling Salt Intrusion and Estuarine Plumes under Climate Change Scenarios in Two Transitional Ecosystems from the NW Atlantic Coast. J. Mar. Sci. Eng., 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/jmse10020262"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marchem.2016.05.002","article-title":"Defining benchmark values for nutrients under the Water Framework Directive: Application in twelve Portuguese estuaries","volume":"185","author":"Caetano","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mar. Chem."},{"key":"ref_27","unstructured":"Costa, N.C., Ven\u00e2ncio, S., Pinho, J.L., and Vieira, J.M. (2016, January 27\u201330). Morphodynamics of the River Lima Estuary (NW Portugal). Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Integrated Environmental Management for Sustainable Development, Hammamet, Tunisia."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103601","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmarsys.2021.103601","article-title":"Coupled modelling of the interaction between dissolved substances emitted by Minho and Lima estuarine outflows (Portugal)","volume":"222","author":"Oliveira","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Mar. Syst."},{"key":"ref_29","unstructured":"Pinho, J.L.S., and Vieira, J.M.P. (2007). Mathematical Modelling of Salt Water Intrusion in a Northern Portuguese Estuary, IAHS-Aish Press."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3337","DOI":"10.1007\/s10661-014-3621-0","article-title":"Spatial and seasonal distribution of 17 endocrine disruptor compounds in an urban estuary (Mondego River, Portugal): Evaluation of the estrogenic load of the area","volume":"186","author":"Rocha","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Monit. Assess"},{"key":"ref_31","first-page":"101341","article-title":"Meiofauna metabarcoding in Lima estuary (Portugal) suggests high taxon replacement within a background of network stability","volume":"38","author":"Fais","year":"2020","journal-title":"Reg. Stud. Mar. Sci."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1007\/s10750-005-1371-2","article-title":"Spatial Subtidal Macrobenthic Distribution in Relation to Abiotic Conditions in the Lima Estuary, NW of Portugal","volume":"559","author":"Sousa","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hydrobiologia"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2022.154190","article-title":"Influence of climate change and extreme weather events on an estuarine fish community","volume":"827","author":"Ilarri","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_34","unstructured":"Ricker, W.E. (1971). Age and growth. Methods for Assessment of Fish Production in Fresh Waters, Blackwell Scientific Publications."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1093\/icesjms\/41.3.280","article-title":"A mechanism for the juvenile-to-adult transition in fishes","volume":"41","author":"Pauly","year":"1984","journal-title":"ICES J. Mar. Sci."},{"key":"ref_36","first-page":"326","article-title":"The Rate of Growth of Fishes","volume":"Volume 3","author":"Fulton","year":"1902","journal-title":"20th Annual Report of the Fishery Board of Scotland"},{"key":"ref_37","first-page":"365","article-title":"Gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indices of the freshwater fish Notopterus notopterus (Pallas) in response to some heavy metal exposure","volume":"25","author":"Sindhe","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Environ. Biol."},{"key":"ref_38","first-page":"1355","article-title":"Effects of copper on hepatosomatic index, gonadosomatic index and condition factor of Oreochromis niloticus (L. 1758)","volume":"16","author":"Karaytug","year":"2007","journal-title":"Fresen Environ. Bull."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095-8649.2006.01289.x","article-title":"Interspecific differentiation and intraspecific substructure in two closely related clupeids with extensive hybridization, Alosa alosa and Alosa fallax","volume":"69","author":"Alexandrino","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Fish Biol."},{"key":"ref_40","first-page":"496","article-title":"A guide to scale interpretation and age estimation for the East-Atlantic and West-Mediterranean shads (Alosa spp.)","volume":"357\u2013360","author":"Aprahamian","year":"2001","journal-title":"Bull. Fr. Peche Piscic"},{"key":"ref_41","unstructured":"Panfili, J., De Pontual, H., Troadec, H., and Wright, P. (2002). Manual of Fish Sclerochronology, Ifremer-IRD coedition."},{"key":"ref_42","unstructured":"ICES (2020). Third Workshop on Age Reading of European and American Eel (WKAREA3). ICES Sci. Rep.\/Rapp. Sci. Du CIEM, 2, 34."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vigliola, L., and Meekan, M. (2009). The Back-Calculation of Fish Growth From Otoliths. Tropical Fish Otoliths: Information for Assessment, Management and Ecology, Springer Netherlands.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4020-5775-5_6"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moura, A., Dias, E., L\u00f3pez, R., and Antunes, C. (2022). Regional Population Structure of the European Eel at the Southern Limit of Its Distribution Revealed by Otolith Shape Signature. Fishes, 7.","DOI":"10.3390\/fishes7030135"},{"key":"ref_45","unstructured":"Mota, M. (2014). Biology and Ecology of the Allis Shad, Alosa alosa (Linnaeus, 1758), in the Minho River. [Ph.D Thesis, University of Porto]."},{"key":"ref_46","first-page":"417","article-title":"Feeding habits and diet composition of brown trout (Salmo trutta) in the upper streams of River Ceyhan and River Euphrates in Turkey","volume":"29","author":"Kara","year":"2005","journal-title":"Turk J. Vet. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4801","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.6234","article-title":"Age of European silver eels during a period of declining abundance in Norway","volume":"10","author":"Durif","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ecol. Evol."},{"key":"ref_48","first-page":"103","article-title":"Morphological discrimination of the silvering stages of the European eel","volume":"Volume 58","author":"Durif","year":"2009","journal-title":"American Fisheries Society Symposium 2009"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182001001378","article-title":"The health state of the eel swimbladder as a measure of parasite pressure by","volume":"124","author":"Lefebvre","year":"2002","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"ref_50","unstructured":"Tesch, F.W. (2007). The Eel: Third Edition, Blackwell Science."},{"key":"ref_51","unstructured":"Rasband, W. (2009). ImageJ, National Institute of Health. v. 1.50i."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3757","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-294X.2005.02716.x","article-title":"Patterns of invasion and colonization of the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) in North America as revealed by microsatellite genotypes","volume":"14","author":"Bryan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol. Ecol."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpol.2016.07.031","article-title":"Exploited anadromous fish in Portugal: Suggested direction for conservation and management","volume":"73","author":"Stratoudakis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mar. Policy"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S690","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jglr.2020.06.004","article-title":"Emerging conservation initiatives for lampreys: Research challenges and opportunities","volume":"47","author":"Lucas","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Great Lakes Res."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1186\/s13002-019-0345-9","article-title":"Ethnozoological knowledge of traditional fishing villages about the anadromous sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) in the Minho river, Portugal","volume":"15","author":"Braga","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Ethnobiol. Ethnomed."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fishres.2008.01.001","article-title":"Fishing, abundance and life history traits of the anadromous sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) in Europe","volume":"92","author":"Beaulaton","year":"2008","journal-title":"Fish. Res."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6122","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-62916-w","article-title":"High predation of native sea lamprey during spawning migration","volume":"10","author":"Carry","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_58","unstructured":"Docker, M. (2019). Lamprey Reproduction and Early Life History: Insights from Artificial Propagation. Lampreys: Biology, Conservation and Control, Fish & Fisheries Series, Springer."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.3354\/esr00405","article-title":"Lampreys of the Iberian Peninsula: Distribution, population status and conservation","volume":"16","author":"Mateus","year":"2012","journal-title":"Endanger. Species Res."},{"key":"ref_60","unstructured":"Magalh\u00e3es, M.F., Amaral, S.D., Sousa, M., Alexandre, C.M., Almeida, P.R., Alves, M.J., Cortes, R., Farrobo, A., Filipe, A.F., and Franco, A. (2023). Livro Vermelho dos Peixes Dulciaqu\u00edcolas e Di\u00e1dromos de Portugal Continental, FCi\u00eancias.ID & ICNF-Instituto da Conserva\u00e7\u00e3o da Natureza e das Florestas."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0426.2005.00616.x","article-title":"Efficacy of a nature-like bypass channel in a Portuguese lowland river","volume":"21","author":"Santos","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Appl. Ichthyol."},{"key":"ref_62","unstructured":"Duarte, A., Jorge, I., Sobral, M., Rebord\u00e3o, F., Martins, R., and Carneiro, M. (2003). Rendimento do Botir\u00e3o Usado na Captura da Lampreia Petromyzon marinus L., 1758 no Estu\u00e1rio do rio Mondego, Relat\u00f3rios Cient\u00edficos e T\u00e9cnicos-S\u00e9rie Digital."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1600-0633.2002.00030.x","article-title":"Distribution, larval stage duration and growth of the sea lamprey ammocoetes, Petromyzon marinus L., in a highly modified river basin","volume":"12","author":"Quintella","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ecol. Freshw. Fish"},{"key":"ref_64","unstructured":"Gon\u00e7alves, M.S.A. (2004). Caracteriza\u00e7\u00e3o da Pesca da Lampreia-Marinha, Petromyzon marinus L., no Estu\u00e1rio do C\u00e1vado, em 2002. [Master\u2019s Thesis, University of Algarve]."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2307\/4096","article-title":"Proximate Composition of the Adult Anadromous Sea Lamprey, Petromyzon Marinus, in Relation to Feeding, Migration and Reproduction","volume":"48","author":"Beamish","year":"1979","journal-title":"J. Anim. Ecol."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1111\/jai.12192","article-title":"Nutritional status of adult sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus Linnaeus, 1758) during spawning migration in the Minho River, NW Iberian Peninsula","volume":"29","author":"Bessa","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Appl. Ichthyol."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1080\/713610925","article-title":"Metabolism and functions of lipids and fatty acids in teleost fish","volume":"11","author":"Tocher","year":"2003","journal-title":"Rev. Fish Sci."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1577\/1548-8659(2003)132<0483:SPAPRT>2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Swimming performance and physiological responses to exhaustive exercise in radio-tagged and untagged Pacific lampreys","volume":"132","author":"Mesa","year":"2003","journal-title":"Trans. Am. Fish. Soc."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0426.2008.01200.x","article-title":"Swimming behaviour of upriver migrating sea lamprey assessed by electromyogram telemetry","volume":"25","author":"Quintella","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Appl. Ichthyol."},{"key":"ref_70","unstructured":"ICES (2015). Report of the Workshop on Lampreys and Shads (WKLS), ICES. ICES CM 2014\/SSGEF:13."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095-8649.2007.01610.x","article-title":"Weak population differentiation in northern European populations of the endangered anadromous clupeid","volume":"71","author":"Volk","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Fish Biol."},{"key":"ref_72","unstructured":"Jager, Z., Bolle, L., D\u00e4nhardt, A., Diederichs, B., Neudecker, T., Scholle, J., and Vorberg, R. (2009). Fish. Thematic Report No. 14: Fishes Checklist, OBIS Secretariat."},{"key":"ref_73","first-page":"1","article-title":"A fish-based index of biotic integrity\u2013FAT-TW an assessment tool for transitional waters of the northern German tidal estuaries","volume":"18","author":"Scholle","year":"2012","journal-title":"Coastline Rep."},{"key":"ref_74","first-page":"1","article-title":"Status of the Diadromous Fish of the Iberian Peninsula: Past, Present and Trends","volume":"35","author":"Mota","year":"2016","journal-title":"Limnetica"},{"key":"ref_75","unstructured":"Baglini\u00e8re, J.L., and Elie, P. (2000). Diversit\u00e9 G\u00e9n\u00e9tique; Les Aloses (Alosa alosa et Alosa fallax spp.). \u00c9cobiologie et variabilit\u00e9 des populations, INRA\/CEMAGREF."},{"key":"ref_76","unstructured":"Alexandrino, P., Ferrand, N., and Baglini\u00e8re, J.-L. (1992). Preliminary Results on the Genetic Differentiation Between the Two Species of Shad (Alosa alosa and Alosa fallax) Occuring in Portugal, EQHC. ICES Paper CM-1992\/M17."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095-8649.1992.tb02620.x","article-title":"Electrophoretic Identity between Allis Shad, Alosa alosa (L), and Twaite Shad, Alosa fallax (Lacepede)","volume":"40","author":"Boisneau","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Fish Biol."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Faria, R., Weiss, S., and Alexandrino, P. (2012). Comparative phylogeography and demographic history of European shads (Alosa alosa and A. fallax) inferred from mitochondrial DNA. BMC Evol. Biol., 12.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2148-12-194"},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1802","DOI":"10.1093\/icesjms\/fss149","article-title":"Collapse of allis shad, Alosa alosa, in the Gironde system (southwest France): Environmental change, fishing mortality, or Allee effect?","volume":"69","author":"Rougier","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ices J. Mar. Sci."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1007\/s10750-004-1571-1","article-title":"Ecology of allis shad Alosa alosa and twaite shad Alosa fallax in the Solway Firth, Scotland","volume":"534","author":"Maitland","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hydrobiologia"},{"key":"ref_81","unstructured":"Faria, R. (2007). Estudo de Processos Evolutivos e Filogeografia em Esp\u00e9cies Europeias do G\u00e9nero Alosa. (Study of Evolutionary Processes and Phylogeography in European Species of the Genus Alosa). [Ph.D. Thesis, University of Porto]."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1007\/s00227-011-1845-x","article-title":"Population genetic structure of protected allis shad (Alosa alosa) and twaite shad (Alosa fallax)","volume":"159","author":"Jolly","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mar. Biol."},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1139\/cjfas-2014-0510","article-title":"Dispersal capacities of anadromous Allis shad population inferred from a coupled genetic and otolith approach","volume":"72","author":"Martin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1038\/s41437-022-00547-9","article-title":"Population genetics reveals divergent lineages and ongoing hybridization in a declining migratory fish species complex","volume":"129","author":"Rougemont","year":"2022","journal-title":"Heredity"},{"key":"ref_85","unstructured":"Boisneau, C., Aprahamian, M.W., Sabati\u00e9, M.R., and Cassou-Leins, J.J. (2000). Remont\u00e9e migratoire des adultes. Les aloses (Alosa alosa et Alosa fallax spp.): Ecobiologie et Variabilit\u00e9 des Populations, INRA Editions (coll. Hydrobiologie et Aquaculture)."},{"key":"ref_86","unstructured":"Aprahamian, M.W., Baglini\u00e8re, J.L., Sabati\u00e9, M.R., Alexandrino, P., and Aprahamian, C.D. (2002). Synopsis of Biological Data on Alosa alosa and Alosa fallax spp., Environment Agency R&D Dissemination Center, WRc."},{"key":"ref_87","unstructured":"Maitland, P., and Hatton-Ellis, T. (2003). Ecology of the Allis and Twaite Shad. Conserving Natura 2000 Rivers Ecology Series N\u00ba 3, English Nature."},{"key":"ref_88","first-page":"85","article-title":"The allis shad Alosa alosa: Biology, ecology, range, and status of populations","volume":"2003","author":"Rochard","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am. Fish. Soc. Symp."},{"key":"ref_89","unstructured":"Eiras, J.C. (1981). Contribui\u00e7\u00e3o para o Conhecimento da Biologia de Alosa alosa L. Estudo de Algumas Modifica\u00e7\u00f5es Som\u00e1ticas, Fisiol\u00f3gicas e Bioqu\u00edmicas Durante a Migra\u00e7\u00e3o An\u00e1droma No Rio Douro. [Ph.D. Thesis, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto]."},{"key":"ref_90","first-page":"59","article-title":"Comparaison des caract\u00e9ristiques biologiques de la Grande Alose (Alosa alosa) dans l\u2019oued Sebou (fa\u00e7ade Nord-Atlantique du Maroc) et dans le fleuve Lima (Portugal). Cybium","volume":"20","author":"Alexandrino","year":"1996","journal-title":"Cybium"},{"key":"ref_91","unstructured":"Aprahamian, M., Aprahamian, C., Baglini\u00e8re, J., Sabati\u00e9, R., and Alexandrino, P. (2003). Alosa alosa and Alosa fallax spp.: Literature Review and Bibliography, Environment Agency."},{"key":"ref_92","unstructured":"McIntosh, A., McHugh, P., and Budy, P. (2011). Salmo trutta L. (brown trout). A Handbook of Global Freshwater Invasive Species, Routledge."},{"key":"ref_93","unstructured":"ICES (2013). Report of the Workshop on Sea Trout (WKTRUTTA), ICES. ICES Expert Group Reports (Until 2018)."},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lundqvist, H., McKinnell, S.M., Jonsson, S., and \u00d6stergren, J. (2006). Is Stocking with Sea Trout Compatible with the Conservation of Wild Trout (Salmo trutta L.)?. Sea Trout Biology, Conservation and Management, Wiley.","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470996027.ch24"},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Okumu\u015f, I., Kurtoglu, I.Z., and Atasaral, \u015e. (2007). General Overview of Turkish Sea Trout (Salmo trutta L.) Populations. Sea Trout: Biology, Conservation and Management, Wiley.","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470996027.ch9"},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jonsson, B., and Jonsson, N. (2011). Ecology of Atlantic salmon and Brown Trout: Habitat as A Template for Life Histories, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-007-1189-1"},{"key":"ref_97","unstructured":"Collares-Pereira, M.J., Alves, M.J., Ribeiro, F., Domingos, I., Almeida, P.R., da Costa, L., Gante, H., Filipe, A.F., Aboim, M.A., and Rodrigues, P.M. (2021). Guia dos Peixes de \u00c1gua Doce e Migradores de Portugal Continental, Edi\u00e7\u00f5es Afrontamento."},{"key":"ref_98","unstructured":"Cabral, M.J., Almeida, J., Almeida, P.R., Dellinger, T., Ferrand de Almeida, N., Oliveira, M.E., Palmeirim, J.M., Queir\u00f3s, A.I., Rogado, L., and Santos-Reis, M. (2005). Salmo trutta: Truta-marisca. Livro Vermelho dos Vertebrados de Portugal, Instituto da Conserva\u00e7\u00e3o da Natureza."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0633.2006.00176.x","article-title":"Seasonal variation in marine growth of sea trout, Salmo trutta, in coastal Skagerrak","volume":"15","author":"Olsen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ecol. Freshw. Fish"},{"key":"ref_100","first-page":"45","article-title":"Length-weight relationship of brown trout, Salmo trutta, inhabiting kan stream coruh basin Nort-Eastren Turkey","volume":"4","author":"Arslan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Turk. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci."},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1009904621771","article-title":"Changes in the Tagus nursery function for commercial fish species: Some perspectives for management","volume":"33","author":"Costa","year":"1999","journal-title":"Aquat. Ecol."},{"key":"ref_102","unstructured":"Wootton, R.J. (1998). Ecology of Teleost Fishes, Springer Netherlands."},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1080\/19425120.2011.555724","article-title":"A Standardized Terminology for Describing Reproductive Development in Fishes","volume":"3","author":"Wyanski","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mar. Coast Fish"},{"key":"ref_104","unstructured":"Antunes, C., and Rodrigues, H. (2004). Guia Natural do Rio Minho\u2013Os Peixes, Aquamuseu do Rio Minho."},{"key":"ref_105","first-page":"110","article-title":"Gonadosomatic and Hepatosomatic Indices of Freshwater Fish Oreochromis mossambicus in Response to a Plant Nutrient","volume":"8","author":"Parikh","year":"2013","journal-title":"World J. Zool."},{"key":"ref_106","unstructured":"Novais, D. (2012). Biologia, ecologia e pesca desportiva da truta, Salmo trutta morpha fario L., no rio Vez. [Master Thesis, University of Porto]."},{"key":"ref_107","first-page":"4","article-title":"The Occurrence of Atyaephyra desmarestii (Millet, 1831) (Decapoda: Atyidae) in the Seyhan Reservoir (Seyhan River Basin)","volume":"17","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Black Sea\/Mediterr. Environ."},{"key":"ref_108","unstructured":"Ribeiro, H.A.C. (2014). Ecologia e Conserva\u00e7\u00e3o da Esp\u00e9cie Salmo trutta no Tro\u00e7o Internacional do Rio Minho (Ecology and Conservation of the Especies Salmo trutta in International Section of the river Minho). [Master\u2019s Thesis, University of Minho]."},{"key":"ref_109","first-page":"61","article-title":"Influencia del estiaje sobre el comportamento aliment\u00e1rio de la trucha com\u00fan en un r\u00edo de monta\u00f1a (Espanha Central): Implicaciones en el estado de repleci\u00f3n y selecci\u00f3n del alimento","volume":"24","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ecologia"},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1111\/jfb.14005","article-title":"Anadromy, potamodromy and residency in brown trout Salmo trutta: The role of genes and the environment","volume":"95","author":"Ferguson","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Fish Biol."},{"key":"ref_111","first-page":"371","article-title":"On the biology of the barbel (Barbus barbus bocagei) in the Jarama river","volume":"33","year":"1984","journal-title":"Folia Zool."},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00006461","article-title":"Reproductive ecology and growth of a population of brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) in an aquifer-fed stream of Old Castile (Spain)","volume":"135","year":"1986","journal-title":"Hydrobiologia"},{"key":"ref_113","unstructured":"Valente, A.C.N. (1993). Biologia e din\u00e2mica das popula\u00e7\u00f5es de truta-de-rio, Salmo trutta L., da bacia hidrogr\u00e1fica do rio Lima. [Ph.D. Thesis, University of Porto]."},{"key":"ref_114","unstructured":"Formigo, N.M.E. (1997). A Bacia Hidrogr\u00e1fica do rio \u00c2ncora-Caracteriza\u00e7\u00e3o Ecol\u00f3gica e Potencialidades bio-Econ\u00f3micas para a Pr\u00e1tica da Pesca Desportiva. [Ph.D. Thesis, University of Porto]."},{"key":"ref_115","unstructured":"Martinho, A.M.V., and Cortes, R.M.V. (2008). Gest\u00e3o Sustent\u00e1vel das Popula\u00e7\u00f5es de Truta (Salmo trutta): O caso do Rio Olo. [Master\u2019s Thesis, University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes and Alto Douro]."},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Caballero, P., Cobo, F., and Gonz\u00e0lez, M.A. (2007). Life History of a Sea Trout (Salmo trutta L.) Population from the North-West Iberian Peninsula (River Ulla, Galicia, Spain). Sea Trout: Biology, Conservation and Management, Wiley.","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470996027.ch16"},{"key":"ref_117","unstructured":"Caballero Javierre, P. (2021). Biolog\u00eda de la Forma An\u00e1droma de la Trucha Com\u00fan Salmo trutta Linnaeus, 1758, en Galicia. [Ph.D. Thesis, University of Santiago de Compostela]."},{"key":"ref_118","unstructured":"Domingos, I.M.M. (2003). A Enguia-Europeia, Anguilla anguilla (L., 1758), na Bacia Hidrogr\u00e1fica do rio Mondego. [Ph.D. Thesis, University of Lisbon]."},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1891","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095-8649.2009.02298.x","article-title":"Estimates of the mortality and the duration of the trans-Atlantic migration of European eel Anguilla anguilla leptocephali using a particle tracking model","volume":"74","author":"Bonhommeau","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Fish Biol."},{"key":"ref_120","unstructured":"Moriarty, C., and Dekker, W. (1997). Management of the European Eel, Marine Institute. 0332-4338."},{"key":"ref_121","unstructured":"Jacoby, D., and Gollock, M. (2014). Anguilla anguilla. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020:e. T60344A45833138. IUCN."},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-2979.2010.00400.x","article-title":"Where once the eel and the elephant were together: Decline of the European eel because of changing hydrology in southwest Europe and northwest Africa?","volume":"12","author":"Kettle","year":"2011","journal-title":"Fish Fish."},{"key":"ref_123","unstructured":"Doadrio, I. (2002). Atlas y Libro rojo de los Peces Continentales de Espa\u00f1a, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales. Direcci\u00f3n General de Conservaci\u00f3n de la Naturaleza."},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1127\/archiv-hydrobiol\/144\/1999\/245","article-title":"The decline of eel Anguilla anguilla (L.) in a river catchment of northern Spain 1986-1997. Further evidence for a critical status of eel in Iberian waters","volume":"144","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arch. F\u00fcr Hydrobiologie"},{"key":"ref_125","first-page":"375","article-title":"Dams and fish passage facilities in the large rivers of Spain: Effects on migratory species","volume":"113","author":"Nicola","year":"1996","journal-title":"Arch. F\u00fcr Hydrobiologie"},{"key":"ref_126","unstructured":"Domingos, I., Antunes, C., and Oliveira, J.M. (2012). Report on the Eel Stock and Fishery in Portugal 2011\/2012, FAO."},{"key":"ref_127","unstructured":"D\u00edaz, E., Korta, M., Aranburu, A., and Abaroa, C. (2012). Report on the Eel Stock and Fishery in Spain 2010\/2011, FAO."},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecss.2017.08.043","article-title":"Habitat loss and gain: Influence on habitat attractiveness for estuarine fish communities","volume":"197","author":"Amorim","year":"2017","journal-title":"Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci."},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2400.2010.00746.x","article-title":"Infection by Anguillicoloides crassus in a riverine stock of European eel, Anguilla anguilla","volume":"17","author":"Dias","year":"2010","journal-title":"Fish. Manag. Ecol."},{"key":"ref_130","unstructured":"Braga, A.C.R. (2011). Susceptibilidade da Enguia Europeia, Anguilla anguilla e do parasita Anguillicoloides crassus, \u00e0s Concentra\u00e7\u00f5es de metais Pesados no rio Minho Internacional. [Master\u2019s Thesis, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS)-University of Porto]."},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1051\/alr:1990013","article-title":"Effects of heavy metals on eels, Anguilla sp","volume":"3","year":"1990","journal-title":"Aquat. Living Resour."},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1423","DOI":"10.1093\/icesjms\/fsm121","article-title":"Eels: Contaminant cocktails pinpointing environmental contamination","volume":"64","author":"Belpaire","year":"2007","journal-title":"ICES J. Mar. Sci."},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.06.011","article-title":"Relationships between locomotor behavior, morphometric characters and thyroid hormone levels give evidence of stage-dependent mechanisms in European eel upstream migration","volume":"53","author":"Imbert","year":"2008","journal-title":"Horm. Behav."},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095-8649.2006.01265.x","article-title":"Timing and rate of sexual maturation of European eel in brackish and freshwater environments","volume":"69","author":"Bevacqua","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Fish Biol."},{"key":"ref_135","first-page":"77","article-title":"Is salinity choice related to growth in juvenile eel Anguilla anguilla?","volume":"28","author":"Edeline","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cybium"},{"key":"ref_136","first-page":"83","article-title":"Microchemistry contribution to a first approach to the diversity of life histories of eels from the lower part of the Gironde-Garonne-Dordogne watershed","volume":"28","author":"Daverat","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cybium"},{"key":"ref_137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.3354\/meps308231","article-title":"Phenotypic plasticity of habitat use by three temperate eel species, Anguilla anguilla, A. japonica and A. rostrata","volume":"308","author":"Daverat","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser."},{"key":"ref_138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.3354\/meps272231","article-title":"Variation in the annual growth, by sex and migration history, of silver American eels Anguilla rostrata","volume":"272","author":"Jessop","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser."},{"key":"ref_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1007\/s00027-019-0641-4","article-title":"Riparian vegetation subsidizes sea lamprey ammocoetes in a nursery area","volume":"81","author":"Dias","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aquat. Sci."},{"key":"ref_140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tree.2011.09.001","article-title":"Integrating food web diversity, structure and stability","volume":"27","author":"Rooney","year":"2012","journal-title":"Trends Ecol. Evol."},{"key":"ref_141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.3354\/meps11794","article-title":"Estuarine consumers utilize marine, estuarine and terrestrial organic matter and provide connectivity among these food webs","volume":"554","author":"Dias","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser."},{"key":"ref_142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/s13750-020-00190-z","article-title":"What are the effects of flow-regime changes on fish productivity in temperate regions? A systematic map","volume":"9","author":"Rytwinski","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Evid."},{"key":"ref_143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2265","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2427.2006.01656.x","article-title":"Factors determining length distribution and abundance of the European eel, Anguilla anguilla, in the River Mondego (Portugal)","volume":"51","author":"Domingos","year":"2006","journal-title":"Freshw. Biol."},{"key":"ref_144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2009.11.009","article-title":"Comparative study about the effects of pollution on glass and yellow eels (Anguilla anguilla) from the estuaries of Minho, Lima and Douro Rivers (NW Portugal)","volume":"73","author":"Gravato","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"ref_145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seares.2012.10.006","article-title":"Implications of facultative catadromy in Anguilla anguilla. Does individual migratory behaviour influence eel spawner quality?","volume":"77","author":"Marohn","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Sea Res."},{"key":"ref_146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1414","DOI":"10.1093\/icesjms\/fsm093","article-title":"Age, growth, and condition of European eel (Anguilla anguilla) from six lakes in the River Havel system (Germany)","volume":"64","author":"Simon","year":"2007","journal-title":"ICES J. Mar. Sci."},{"key":"ref_147","unstructured":"Matthews, M., Evans, D., Rosell, R., Moriarty, C., and Marsh, I. (2001). The Erne eel enhancement programme. EU Programme for Peace and Reconciliation, Northern Regional Fisheries Board. Project No. 15, Ballyshannon."},{"key":"ref_148","unstructured":"J\u00f6rgensen, L. (1988). Fischereibiologische Analyse der Altersstruktur der Aalbest\u00e4nde in der Havel, Berlin (West), Projektabschlu\u00df."},{"key":"ref_149","unstructured":"Antunes, C., Cobo, F., Ara\u00fajo, M.J., Braga, C., Roleira, A., Mota, M., Sanchez, J., Vieira, R., Servia, M.J., and Couto, M.T. (2011). Contribui\u00e7\u00e3o para o plano de gest\u00e3o da enguia-europeia, Anguilla anguilla no rio Minho internacional. Valoriza\u00e7\u00e3o dos Recursos Naturais da Bacia Hidrogr\u00e1fica do rio Minho\u2013Projecto Natura Minho-Mi\u00f1o, Relat\u00f3rio Final, CIIMAR."},{"key":"ref_150","unstructured":"Adam, G., Feunteun, E., Prouzet, P., and Rigaud, C. (2008). L\u2019anguille Europ\u00e9enne. Indicateurs D\u2019abondance et de Colonisation, Editions Quae."},{"key":"ref_151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1111\/jai.13626","article-title":"Diving activity of migrating silver eel with and without Anguillicola crassus infection","volume":"34","author":"Simon","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Appl. Ichthyol."},{"key":"ref_152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1080\/00288330.2004.9517263","article-title":"Anguillicolosis in the short\u2013finned eel Anguilla australis: Epidemiology and pathogenicity","volume":"38","author":"Lefebvre","year":"2004","journal-title":"New Zealand J. Mar. Freshw. Res."},{"key":"ref_153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2761.2007.00821.x","article-title":"The pathogenic helminth parasites of eels","volume":"30","author":"Kennedy","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Fish Dis."},{"key":"ref_154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1079\/JOH2006364","article-title":"Hosts and parasites as aliens","volume":"80","author":"Taraschewski","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Helminthol."},{"key":"ref_155","unstructured":"Antunes, C. (1999). Anguillicola Infestation of Eel Population from the Rio Minho (North of Portugal), ICES-EIFAC Working Group on Eel."},{"key":"ref_156","unstructured":"Passos, D.M. (2008). Concentra\u00e7\u00e3o de Metais Pesados na Enguia Europeia, Anguilla anguilla (Linnaeus, 1758), em Estu\u00e1rios e Lagoas Costeiras de Portugal, University of Aveiro."},{"key":"ref_157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0426.2009.01345.x","article-title":"A checklist of the protozoan and metazoan parasites of European eel (Anguilla anguilla): Checklist of Anguilla anguilla parasites","volume":"32","author":"Jakob","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Appl. Ichthyol."},{"key":"ref_158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pereira, L., Braga, A.C., Moura, A., and Antunes, C. (2022). Prevalence of the Anguillicola crassus parasite in the International Minho River. Environ. Smoke, 64\u201374.","DOI":"10.32435\/envsmoke\/xibesymp.10"},{"key":"ref_159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-2-48","article-title":"Massive encapsulation of larval Anguillicoloides crassus in the intestinal wall of Japanese eels","volume":"2","author":"Heitlinger","year":"2009","journal-title":"Parasites Vectors"},{"key":"ref_160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1007\/s11852-013-0274-z","article-title":"The infection of the European eel with the parasitic nematode Anguillicoloides crassus in inland and coastal waters of northern Germany","volume":"18","author":"Wysujack","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Coast. Conserv."},{"key":"ref_161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/0044-8486(90)90267-Q","article-title":"Detection of larvae of Anguillicola crassus (an eel swimbladder nematode) in freshwater fish species","volume":"87","author":"Haenen","year":"1990","journal-title":"Aquaculture"},{"key":"ref_162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.3354\/dao039121","article-title":"Histopathological changes in the swimbladder wall of the European eel Anguilla anguilla due to infections with Anguillicola crassus","volume":"39","author":"Taraschewski","year":"2000","journal-title":"Dis. Aquat. Organ."},{"key":"ref_163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"van den Thillart, G., Dufour, S., and Rankin, J.C. (2009). Impact of the Swim-Bladder Parasite on the Health and Performance of European Eels. Spawning Migration of the European Eel: Reproduction Index, a Useful Tool for Conservation Management, Springer Netherlands.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4020-9095-0"},{"key":"ref_164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20122916","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2012.2916","article-title":"Is the continental life of the European eel Anguilla anguilla affected by the parasitic invader Anguillicoloides crassus?","volume":"280","author":"Lefebvre","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.3354\/dao02166","article-title":"Epidemiology and pathology of Anguillicoloides crassus in European eel Anguilla anguilla from the Tagus estuary (Portugal)","volume":"88","author":"Neto","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dis. Aquat. Organ."},{"key":"ref_166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.3391\/bir.2013.2.1.03","article-title":"Distribution, prevalence and intensity of Anguillicoloides crassus in the American eel, Anguilla rostrata, in the Bras d\u2019Or Lakes, Nova Scotia","volume":"2","author":"Denny","year":"2013","journal-title":"BioInvasions Rec."},{"key":"ref_167","unstructured":"Taverny, C., and Elie, P. (2009). Bilan des Connaissances Biologiques et de l\u2019\u00e9tat des Habitats des Lamproies Migratrices dans le Bassin de la Gironde: Propositions D\u2019actions Prioritaires, IRSTEA."}],"container-title":["Fishes"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2410-3888\/10\/5\/230\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T17:33:21Z","timestamp":1760031201000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2410-3888\/10\/5\/230"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,15]]},"references-count":167,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]}},"alternative-id":["fishes10050230"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/fishes10050230","relation":{},"ISSN":["2410-3888"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2410-3888"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,15]]}}}