{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T02:58:26Z","timestamp":1762052306815,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,31]],"date-time":"2022-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653955200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Fishes"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Structural enrichment is considered a useful tool to improve the welfare conditions of captive fish by deliberately increasing the physical heterogeneity and complexity of captivity environments. However, the potential effects of structural enrichment on the stress response at the group level and on social interactions have not been well studied yet. In this study, we demonstrate that suspended vertical structures (U-shaped ropes) can reduce behavioural variability among fish groups (tank level) of European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) juveniles. Differences in behavioural responses during group risk-taking tests (e.g., number of passes per fish) between treatments were detected, and these responses in seabass in enriched captive conditions were more homogeneous among tanks compared to fish from non-enriched tanks. These results suggest a positive effect of the structural enrichment on social stabilisation and response to stressful events at the tank level in seabass. However, further research is still needed to improve the knowledge of the potential effects of structural enrichment on fish welfare and aquaculture management, considering different enrichment designs, intensities, and strategies according to farming conditions, biological needs, and preferences of the fish species and life-stage reared in captivity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/fishes7030126","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,31]],"date-time":"2022-05-31T05:25:42Z","timestamp":1653974742000},"page":"126","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Suspended Structures Reduce Variability of Group Risk-Taking Responses of Dicentrarchus labrax Juvenile Reared in Tanks"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6816-8542","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pablo","family":"Arechavala-Lopez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Fish Ecology Group, Mediterranean Institute of Advanced Studies (IMEDEA-CSIC\/UIB), 07190 Esporles, Spain"},{"name":"Fish Ethology and Welfare Group, Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1419-2747","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samira","family":"Nu\u00f1ez-Velazquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fish Ecology Group, Mediterranean Institute of Advanced Studies (IMEDEA-CSIC\/UIB), 07190 Esporles, Spain"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Diaz-Gil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xelect Ltd., St. Andrews KY16 9LB, UK"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9314-6567","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guillermo","family":"Follana-Bern\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fish Ecology Group, Mediterranean Institute of Advanced Studies (IMEDEA-CSIC\/UIB), 07190 Esporles, Spain"},{"name":"Laboratori d\u2019Investigacions Marines i Aq\u00fcicultura (LIMIA), Balearic Government, 07157 Port d\u2019Andratx, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8891-8881","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o L.","family":"Saraiva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fish Ethology and Welfare Group, Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1007\/s10806-011-9346-y","article-title":"Finfish Aquaculture: Animal Welfare, the Environment, and Ethical Implications","volume":"26","author":"Bergqvist","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. 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