{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T19:53:21Z","timestamp":1765828401433,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,26]],"date-time":"2024-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724630400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Norwegian Seafood Research Fund","award":["901766","NTF36-37"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["901766","NTF36-37"]}]},{"name":"Bj\u00f8r\u00f8ya AS","award":["901766","NTF36-37"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["901766","NTF36-37"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Fishes"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus) are used as cleaner fish in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) aquaculture as one of multiple control measures against salmon lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis). Numerous studies have documented weight as an important factor for characterising the cleaning efficacy of individual lumpfish. Hence, the efficacy of lumpfish in fish farms depends on the size at stocking and the weight development over time. Here, we aimed to quantify how weight developed over time for lumpfish deployed in salmon farming sea cages in Norway through modelling the daily growth rate. We found that the coefficient of variation for lumpfish weight increased over time, implying that the standard deviation increased more than the expected weight. The data thus showed heterogeneous growth for lumpfish in salmon farming cages, where some individuals exhibited no apparent growth, and others significant proliferation. We found that the daily growth rate was best described as bell-shaped functions of weight and temperature, consistent with a sigmoid-shaped growth curve and an optimal temperature around 10 \u00b0C. These results allow for more realistic modelling of the efficacy of lumpfish in controlling salmon lice in fish farms, as one can combine estimates of weight-dependent cleaning efficacy with weight development over time.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/fishes9090336","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,26]],"date-time":"2024-08-26T04:48:25Z","timestamp":1724647705000},"page":"336","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Heterogeneous Weight Development of Lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus) Used as Cleaner Fish in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Farming"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7064-0869","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Solveig","family":"Engebretsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"SAMBA, Norwegian Computing Center, Gaustadalleen 23A, 0373 Oslo, Norway"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2718-8528","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Magne","family":"Aldrin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SAMBA, Norwegian Computing Center, Gaustadalleen 23A, 0373 Oslo, Norway"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7264-787X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fredrik R.","family":"Staven","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Akvaplan-niva AS, Storlavika 7, 7770 Flatanger, Norway"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-4306-1465","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eskil","family":"Bendiksen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bj\u00f8r\u00f8ya AS, Storlavika 7, 7770 Flatanger, Norway"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6808-1383","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leif Christian","family":"Stige","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Elizabeth Stephansens vei 1, 1433 \u00c5s, Norway"}]},{"given":"Peder A.","family":"Jansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SAMBA, Norwegian Computing Center, Gaustadalleen 23A, 0373 Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"Aqualife R&D, Havnegata 9, 7010 Trondheim, Norway"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1111\/raq.12194","article-title":"Use of lumpfish for sea-lice control in salmon farming: Challenges and opportunities","volume":"10","author":"Powell","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rev. Aquac."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.104966","article-title":"Sustainable production and use of cleaner fish for the biological control of sea lice: Recent advances and current challenges","volume":"183","author":"Brooker","year":"2018","journal-title":"Vet. Rec."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2019.12.005","article-title":"Effect of cleaner fish on sea lice in Norwegian salmon aquaculture: A national scale data analysis","volume":"50","author":"Barrett","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. 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Interact."}],"container-title":["Fishes"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2410-3888\/9\/9\/336\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T15:42:47Z","timestamp":1760110967000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2410-3888\/9\/9\/336"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,26]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]}},"alternative-id":["fishes9090336"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/fishes9090336","relation":{},"ISSN":["2410-3888"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2410-3888"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,26]]}}}