{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:40:48Z","timestamp":1760146848222,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,16]],"date-time":"2024-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734307200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"INOVAQUA project","award":["MAR-021.1.3-FEAMPA-00004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MAR-021.1.3-FEAMPA-00004"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Fishes"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The aquaculture sector is developing sustainability measures to address resource limitations and environmental concerns. A key strategy is replacing fishmeal and fish oil with alternatives that can equally sustain fish health, growth, and water quality. This study compared a standard diet (STD) to an alternative diet (ALT) containing sustainable ingredients, such as plant-based proteins and animal by-products, for meagre raised in earthen ponds within a polyculture system. Over 150 days, 5400 meagre juveniles (174.9 \u00b1 32.8 g) were fed these diets. Fish on the ALT diet showed superior growth, likely due to higher dietary protein content and reduced protein degradation in liver and muscle, leading to increased protein content and reduced levels of dry matter, lipid, ash, energy, and phosphorous. While muscle cohesiveness was affected, fiber area and density were unchanged. ALT-fed fish exhibited higher saturated (SFA) and polyunsaturated (PUFA) fatty acids, reflecting the diet. Water quality indicators, including ammonia, nitrites, nitrates, and phosphates, were similar across diets, though chlorophyll a was higher in ponds with STD-fed fish. Overall, the ALT diet emerges as a sustainable alternative to the STD diet, maintaining or enhancing protein levels while reducing fishmeal usage. This approach effectively supports meagre growth and fillet quality without significant additional environmental impact.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/fishes9120517","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,16]],"date-time":"2024-12-16T12:09:28Z","timestamp":1734350968000},"page":"517","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Evaluation of Alternative Dietary Ingredients as a Sustainable and Ecological Solution for Meagre (Argyrosomus regius) Production in Earthen Ponds"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6385-9117","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Catarina","family":"Matias","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"EPPO\u2014Aquaculture Research Station, IPMA\u2014Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere, Av. Parque Natural da Ria Formosa, s\/n, 8700-194 Olh\u00e3o, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Hugo","family":"Quental-Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EPPO\u2014Aquaculture Research Station, IPMA\u2014Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere, Av. Parque Natural da Ria Formosa, s\/n, 8700-194 Olh\u00e3o, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2796-2624","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge","family":"Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sparos Lda., \u00c1rea Empresarial de Marim, Lote C, 8700-221 Olh\u00e3o, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Margarida","family":"Saavedra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DivAV\u2014Aquaculture, Upgrading and Bioprospection Division, IPMA\u2014Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere, Av. Alfredo Magalh\u00e3es Ramalho, 6, 1495-165 Alg\u00e9s, Portugal"},{"name":"Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET\u2014Aquatic Research Network Associated Laboratory, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Campus da Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Narcisa Maria","family":"Bandarra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DivAV\u2014Aquaculture, Upgrading and Bioprospection Division, IPMA\u2014Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere, Av. Alfredo Magalh\u00e3es Ramalho, 6, 1495-165 Alg\u00e9s, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ravi Luna","family":"Ara\u00fajo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EPPO\u2014Aquaculture Research Station, IPMA\u2014Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere, Av. Parque Natural da Ria Formosa, s\/n, 8700-194 Olh\u00e3o, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7310-5071","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Margarida","family":"Gamboa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EPPO\u2014Aquaculture Research Station, IPMA\u2014Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere, Av. Parque Natural da Ria Formosa, s\/n, 8700-194 Olh\u00e3o, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6075-2472","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Florbela","family":"Soares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EPPO\u2014Aquaculture Research Station, IPMA\u2014Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere, Av. Parque Natural da Ria Formosa, s\/n, 8700-194 Olh\u00e3o, Portugal"},{"name":"S2AQUA\u2014Collaborative Laboratory, Association for a Sustainable and Smart Aquaculture, Av. Parque Natural da Ria Formosa, s\/n, 8700-194 Olh\u00e3o, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6746-764X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro","family":"Pous\u00e3o-Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EPPO\u2014Aquaculture Research Station, IPMA\u2014Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere, Av. Parque Natural da Ria Formosa, s\/n, 8700-194 Olh\u00e3o, Portugal"},{"name":"S2AQUA\u2014Collaborative Laboratory, Association for a Sustainable and Smart Aquaculture, Av. Parque Natural da Ria Formosa, s\/n, 8700-194 Olh\u00e3o, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2024). World Population Prospects 2024: Summary of Results, United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. (UN DESA\/POP\/2024\/TR\/NO.9)."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"FAO (2024). 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