{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T13:25:50Z","timestamp":1767705950279,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]],"date-time":"2024-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731974400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia (FCT)","award":["UIDB\/04625\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04625\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Fluids"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The current paper focuses on the assessment of radial mesh influence on the description of the transient event obtained by an axisymmetric model. The objective is to reduce computational effort while accurately calculating hydraulic transients in smooth\u2013turbulent pressurized pipes. The analyzed pipe system has a reservoir\u2013pipe\u2013valve configuration with an inner diameter of 0.02 m and a total length of 14.96 m, with the initial discharge being equal to 120 \u00d7 10\u22123 L\/s (Re = 7638). An extensive study is carried out with 80 geometric sequence meshes by varying the total number of cylinders, the geometric common ratio, and the pipe axial discretization. The benefit of increasing the geometric common ratio is highlighted. A detailed comparison between two meshes is presented, in which the best mesh (i.e., the one with the lowest computational effort) has a three-fold higher value of the geometric common ratio. The two meshes show small differences for the instantaneous valve closure, limited to a time interval immediately after the arrival of the pressure surge and only during the first pressure wave. The dynamic characterization of the transient phenomenon demonstrates the in-depth consistency between the model results and the hydraulic transients\u2019 phenomenon in terms of the piezometric head, the wall shear stress, and the mean velocity time-history, in comparison to the results obtained with the shear stress, lateral velocity, and axial velocity profiles.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/fluids9110268","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]],"date-time":"2024-11-19T04:53:05Z","timestamp":1731991985000},"page":"268","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Mesh Sensitivity Analysis of Axisymmetric Models for Smooth\u2013Turbulent Transient Flows"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9821-9673","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro Leite","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering, Polytechnic of Porto, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6901-4767","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D\u00eddia Isabel Cameira","family":"Covas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CERIS, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1006\/jsvi.2002.5160","article-title":"Transient Turbulent Friction in Smooth Pipe Flows","volume":"259","author":"Vardy","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. 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[2nd ed.]."}],"container-title":["Fluids"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2311-5521\/9\/11\/268\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T16:34:53Z","timestamp":1760114093000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2311-5521\/9\/11\/268"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]}},"alternative-id":["fluids9110268"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/fluids9110268","relation":{},"ISSN":["2311-5521"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2311-5521"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]]}}}