{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T20:34:11Z","timestamp":1778186051177,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,11]],"date-time":"2021-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620691200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDP\/04567\/2020 and UIDB\/04567\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04567\/2020 and UIDB\/04567\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Foods"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Kefir, a traditional fermented food, has numerous health benefits due to its unique chemical composition, which is reflected in its excellent nutritional value. Physicochemical and microbial composition of kefir obtained from fermented milk are influenced by the type of the milk, grain to milk ratio, time and temperature of fermentation, and storage conditions. It is crucial that kefir characteristics are maintained during storage since continuous metabolic activities of residual kefir microbiota may occur. This study aimed to examine the nutritional profile of kefir produced in traditional in use conditions by fermentation of ultra-high temperature pasteurized (UHT) semi-skimmed cow milk using argentinean kefir grains and compare the stability and nutritional compliance of freshly made and refrigerated kefir. Results indicate that kefir produced under home use conditions maintains the expected characteristics with respect to the physicochemical parameters and composition, both after fermentation and after refrigerated storage. This work further contributes to the characterization of this food product that is so widely consumed around the world by focusing on kefir that was produced in a typical household setting.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/foods10051057","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,11]],"date-time":"2021-05-11T11:30:16Z","timestamp":1620732616000},"page":"1057","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Characterization of Kefir Produced in Household Conditions: Physicochemical and Nutritional Profile, and Storage Stability"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3320-6748","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Em\u00edlia","family":"Alves","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CBIOS\u2014Research Center for Biosciences &amp; Health Technologies, Universidade Lus\u00f3fona\u2019s, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alcal\u00e1, Carretera Madrid-Barcelona, Km 33.100, 28805 Alcal\u00e1 de Henares, Madrid, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6596-8985","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Epole N.","family":"Ntungwe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CBIOS\u2014Research Center for Biosciences &amp; Health Technologies, Universidade Lus\u00f3fona\u2019s, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alcal\u00e1, Carretera Madrid-Barcelona, Km 33.100, 28805 Alcal\u00e1 de Henares, Madrid, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6130-9453","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Greg\u00f3rio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CBIOS\u2014Research Center for Biosciences &amp; Health Technologies, Universidade Lus\u00f3fona\u2019s, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0198-7671","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis M.","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CBIOS\u2014Research Center for Biosciences &amp; Health Technologies, Universidade Lus\u00f3fona\u2019s, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5407-3983","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catarina","family":"Pereira-Leite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CBIOS\u2014Research Center for Biosciences &amp; Health Technologies, Universidade Lus\u00f3fona\u2019s, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ci\u00eancias Qu\u00edmicas, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5769-8484","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"Caleja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a, Campus de Santa Apol\u00f3nia, 5300-253 Bragan\u00e7a, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Eliana","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a, Campus de Santa Apol\u00f3nia, 5300-253 Bragan\u00e7a, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9050-5189","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lillian","family":"Barros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a, Campus de Santa Apol\u00f3nia, 5300-253 Bragan\u00e7a, Portugal"}]},{"given":"M. Victorina","family":"Aguilar-Vilas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alcal\u00e1, Carretera Madrid-Barcelona, Km 33.100, 28805 Alcal\u00e1 de Henares, Madrid, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6429-6213","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catarina","family":"Rosado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CBIOS\u2014Research Center for Biosciences &amp; Health Technologies, Universidade Lus\u00f3fona\u2019s, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7992-8343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patr\u00edcia","family":"Rijo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CBIOS\u2014Research Center for Biosciences &amp; Health Technologies, Universidade Lus\u00f3fona\u2019s, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/S0958-6946(01)00151-0","article-title":"Microbes from raw milk for fermented dairy products","volume":"12","author":"Wouters","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int. 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