{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T18:49:58Z","timestamp":1775069398308,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,17]],"date-time":"2021-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621209600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Foods"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Listeria monocytogenes has been referred to as a concern microorganism in cheese making due to its ability to survive and grow in a wide range of environmental conditions, such as refrigeration temperatures, low pH and high salt concentration at the end of the production process. Since cheese may be a potential hazard for consumers, especially high-risk consumers (e.g., pregnant, young children, the elderly, people with medical conditions), efforts of the dairy industry have been aimed at investigating new conservation techniques based on natural additives to meet consumers\u2019 demands on less processed foods without compromising the food safety. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Myrtus communis L. (myrtle) and Rosmarinus officinalis L. (rosemary) essential oils (EO) against Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 679 spiked in sheep cheese before ripening. After the cheesemaking process, the samples were stored at 8 \u00b0C for 2 h, 1 d, 3 d, 14 d and 28 d. The composition of EO was identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Constituents such as 1,8-cineole, limonene, methyl-eugenol, \u03b1-pinene, \u03b1-terpineol, \u03b1-terpinolene and \u03b2-pinene were present in both EO, accounting for 44.61% and 39.76% from the total of chemical compounds identified for myrtle and rosemary EO, respectively. According to the chemical classification, both EO were mainly composed of monoterpenes. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against L. monocytogenes was obtained at 31.25 \u03bcL\/mL to myrtle EO and at 0.40 \u03bcL\/mL to rosemary EO. Then, cheeses were inoculated with L. monocytogenes (Ca. 6 log CFU\/mL) and EO was added at MIC value. The addition of rosemary and myrtle EO displayed lower counts of L. monocytogenes (p &lt; 0.01) (about 1\u20132 log CFU\/g) during the ripening period compared to control samples. Ripening only influences (p &lt; 0.001) the growth of L. monocytogenes in control samples. Since rosemary and myrtle EO do not exert any negative impact on the growth of native microflora (p &gt; 0.05), their use as natural antimicrobial additives in cheese demonstrated a potential for dairy processors to assure safety against L. monocytogenes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/foods10051106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,17]],"date-time":"2021-05-17T05:45:13Z","timestamp":1621230313000},"page":"1106","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Antimicrobial Activity of Myrtus communis L. and Rosmarinus officinalis L. Essential Oils against Listeria monocytogenes in Cheese"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1657-0684","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"Saraiva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Research Centre (CECAV), University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ana Catarina","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Research Centre (CECAV), University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6930-0728","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan","family":"Garc\u00eda-D\u00edez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Research Centre (CECAV), University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3993-6258","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beniamino","family":"Cenci-Goga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicina Veterinaria, Laboratorio di Ispezione degli Alimenti di Origine Animale, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6887-3383","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"Grispoldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicina Veterinaria, Laboratorio di Ispezione degli Alimenti di Origine Animale, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1923-2218","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"An\u00edbal Filipe","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Applied Photonics, INESC-TEC, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s\/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3810-5943","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Manuel","family":"Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Applied Photonics, INESC-TEC, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s\/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Physics, School of Sciences and Technology, University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2017.07.020","article-title":"Prevalence of Listeria monocytogenes in European cheeses: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"84","author":"Dalgaard","year":"2018","journal-title":"Food Control."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2700","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.02700","article-title":"Resistance of Listeria monocytogenes to stress conditions encountered in food and food processing environments","volume":"9","author":"Bucur","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. 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