{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]],"date-time":"2026-04-25T04:57:56Z","timestamp":1777093076327,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,12]],"date-time":"2021-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623456000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/50006\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/50006\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ERA-NET ERA-HDHL (n\u00b0 696295)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ERA-NET ERA-HDHL (n\u00b0 696295)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Foods"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The total lipid content and lipidic profile of seaweeds harvested in the North Coast and purchased in Portugal were determined in this paper. The amount of total lipids in the different species of seaweeds varied between 0.7 \u00b1 0.1% (Chondrus crispus) and 3.8 \u00b1 0.6% (Ulva spp.). Regarding the fatty acid content, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) ranged between 0\u201335%, with Ulva spp. presenting the highest amount; monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) varied between 19 and 67%; and saturated fatty acids (SFA) were predominant in C. crispus (45\u201378%) and Gracilaria spp. (36\u201379%). Concerning the nutritional indices, the atherogenicity index (AI) was between 0.4\u20133.2, the thrombogenicity index (TI) ranged from 0.04 to 1.95, except for Gracilaria spp., which had a TI of 7.6, and the hypocholesterolemic\/hypercholesterolemic ratio (HH) values ranged between 0.88\u20134.21, except for Gracilaria spp., which exhibited values between 0.22\u20139.26. The n6\/n3 ratio was below 1 for most of the species evaluated, except for Ascophyllum nodosum, which presented a higher value, although below 2. Considering the PUFA\/SFA ratio, seaweeds presented values between 0.11\u20131.02. The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and aliphatic hydrocarbons (AHCs) contamination of seaweeds under study was also quantified, the values found being much lower than the maximum levels recommended for foodstuff.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/foods10061366","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,14]],"date-time":"2021-06-14T10:30:25Z","timestamp":1623666625000},"page":"1366","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Bioactive Lipids of Seaweeds from the Portuguese North Coast: Health Benefits versus Potential Contamination"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0924-9681","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"Soares","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"REQUIMTE\/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto (ISEP), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico do Porto, R. Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8291-1160","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"REQUIMTE\/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto (ISEP), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico do Porto, R. Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4567-0687","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susana","family":"Machado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"REQUIMTE\/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto (ISEP), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico do Porto, R. Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"REQUIMTE\/LAQV, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Elsa","family":"Vieira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"REQUIMTE\/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto (ISEP), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico do Porto, R. Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5967-4200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana P.","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"REQUIMTE\/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto (ISEP), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico do Porto, R. Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"CBQF\u2014Centro de Biotecnologia e Qu\u00edmica Fina\u2014Laborat\u00f3rio Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Cat\u00f3lica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1951-3557","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Jo\u00e3o","family":"Ramalhosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"REQUIMTE\/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto (ISEP), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico do Porto, R. Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6433-5801","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simone","family":"Morais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"REQUIMTE\/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto (ISEP), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico do Porto, R. Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3014-5089","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuela","family":"Correia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"REQUIMTE\/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto (ISEP), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico do Porto, R. Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8577-3461","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teresa","family":"Oliva-Teles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"REQUIMTE\/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto (ISEP), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico do Porto, R. Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3472-849X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valentina F.","family":"Domingues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"REQUIMTE\/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto (ISEP), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico do Porto, R. Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3924-776X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"Delerue-Matos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"REQUIMTE\/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto (ISEP), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico do Porto, R. Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2003.09.013","article-title":"Determination of aliphatic hydrocarbons in the alga Himanthalia elongata","volume":"57","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2014.04.119","article-title":"Edible Azorean macroalgae as source of rich nutrients with impact on human health","volume":"164","author":"Paiva","year":"2014","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2016.11.009","article-title":"Proximate composition, phenolic content and in vitro antioxidant activity of aqueous extracts of the seaweeds Ascophyllum nodosum, Bifurcaria bifurcata and Fucus vesiculosus. Effect of addition of the extracts on the oxidative stability of canola oil unde","volume":"99","author":"Munekata","year":"2017","journal-title":"Food Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbt.2013.03.006","article-title":"Sustainable production of biologically active molecules of marine based origin","volume":"30","author":"Murray","year":"2013","journal-title":"N. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1080\/87559120600694622","article-title":"Physiological effects of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)\u2014A review","volume":"22","author":"Narayan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Food Rev. Int."},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"49","article-title":"Gilles Barnathan, Fatty Acids from Lipids of Marine Organisms: Molecular Biodiversity, Roles as Biomarkers, Biologically Active Compounds, and Economical Aspects","volume":"96","year":"2005","journal-title":"Adv. Biochem. Engin. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2018.09.057","article-title":"Application of pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) to obtain bioactive fatty acids and phenols from Laminaria ochroleuca collected in Galicia (NW Spain)","volume":"164","author":"Otero","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1093\/chromsci\/44.10.615","article-title":"Extraction of hydrocarbons from seaweed samples using sonication and microwave-assisted extraction: A comparative study","volume":"44","author":"Cam","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. Sci."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(00)00876-7","article-title":"Determination of polychlorinated biphenyls in Antarctic macroalgae Desmarestia sp.","volume":"277","author":"Montone","year":"2001","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Timmis, K., McGenity, T., and van der Meer, J. (2010). Handbook of Hydrocarbon and Lipid Microbiology, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-77587-4"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1007\/s12010-015-1603-5","article-title":"A Comprehensive Review of Aliphatic Hydrocarbon Biodegradation by Bacteria","volume":"176","author":"Abbasian","year":"2015","journal-title":"Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4571","DOI":"10.1007\/s10661-012-2889-1","article-title":"Aliphatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the surface sediments of the Mediterranean: Assessment and source recognition of petroleum hydrocarbons","volume":"185","author":"Khaled","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environ. Monit. Assess."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"EFSA (2012). Scientific Opinion on Mineral Oil Hydrocarbons in Food. EFSA J., 10, 2704.","DOI":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2012.2704"},{"key":"#cr-split#-ref_14.1","unstructured":"(2009). European Commission Commission Regulation"},{"key":"#cr-split#-ref_14.2","unstructured":"(EC) 1151\/2009 imposing special conditions governing the import of sunflower oil originating in or consigned from Ukraine due to contamination risks by mineral oil. Off. J. Eur. Union, 2080, 2008-2011."},{"key":"ref_15","unstructured":"US EPA (2008). Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs)-EPA Fact Sheet, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development."},{"key":"ref_16","unstructured":"(2021, March 28). International Agency for Research on Cancer IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of the Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Humans, Volume 82: Some Traditional Herbal Medicines, Some Mycotoxins, Naphthalene and Styrene. Available online: https:\/\/publications.iarc.fr\/Book-And-Report-Series\/Iarc-Monographs-On-The-Identification-Of-Carcinogenic-Hazards-To-Humans\/Some-Traditional-Herbal-Medicines-Some-Mycotoxins-Naphthalene-And-Styrene-2002."},{"key":"ref_17","unstructured":"International Agency for Research on Cancer (2010). IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of the Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Humans, Volume 92: Some Non-heterocyclic Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Some Related Exposures, IARC Press."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2004.03.016","article-title":"A review of pollutants in the sea-surface microlayer (SML): A unique habitat for marine organisms","volume":"48","author":"Wurl","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"key":"ref_19","unstructured":"EU Regulation (EU) (2011). No. 835\/2011 of 19 August 2011 amending Regulation (EC) No. 1881\/2006 as regards maximum levels for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in foodstuffs. Off. J. Eur. Union, L215, 4\u20138."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1006\/eesa.1998.1671","article-title":"Role of algae in fate of carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the aquatic environment","volume":"41","author":"Kirso","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proc. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1016\/S0399-1784(03)00052-5","article-title":"Organic micropollutants (PAHs, PCBs, pesticides) in seaweeds of the lagoon of Venice","volume":"26","author":"Pavoni","year":"2003","journal-title":"Oceanol. Acta"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2018.02.013","article-title":"Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons bioaccessibility in seafood: Culinary practices effects on dietary exposure","volume":"164","author":"Soares","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1007\/s00128-008-9503-9","article-title":"Supercritical fluid extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from seaweed samples before and after the prestige oil spill","volume":"82","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2005.04.010","article-title":"Comparison of supercritical fluid extraction and Soxhlet extraction for the determination of aliphatic hydrocarbons in seaweed samples","volume":"64","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2007.05.020","article-title":"Determination of conjugated linoleic acid in human plasma by fast gas chromatography","volume":"1157","author":"Castellote","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. A"},{"key":"ref_26","first-page":"1","article-title":"Nutritional indices for assessing fatty acids: A mini-review","volume":"21","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2012.04.078","article-title":"Analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in fish: Optimisation and validation of microwave-assisted extraction","volume":"135","author":"Ramalhosa","year":"2012","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3529","DOI":"10.1002\/jssc.200900351","article-title":"Analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in fish: Evaluation of a quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe extraction method","volume":"32","author":"Ramalhosa","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Sep. Sci."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1007\/s10811-013-0132-2","article-title":"Fatty acid contents and profiles of 16 macroalgae collected from the Irish Coast at two seasons","volume":"26","author":"Schmid","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Appl. Phycol."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2012.688048","article-title":"Fatty acid composition of selected macrophytes","volume":"27","author":"Patarra","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Res."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2015.03.057","article-title":"Chemical composition of red, brown and green macroalgae from Buarcos bay in Central West Coast of Portugal","volume":"183","author":"Rodrigues","year":"2015","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3754","DOI":"10.3390\/md11103754","article-title":"The red seaweed gracilaria gracilis as a multi products source","volume":"11","author":"Francavilla","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mar. Drugs"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2003.08.001","article-title":"Fatty acids, total lipid, protein and ash contents of processed edible seaweeds","volume":"85","year":"2004","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5606","DOI":"10.3390\/md13095606","article-title":"Lipid composition, fatty acids and sterols in the seaweeds ulva armoricana, and solieria chordalis from brittany (France): An analysis from nutritional, chemotaxonomic, and antiproliferative activity perspectives","volume":"13","author":"Kendel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mar. Drugs"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.5697\/oc.55-2.435","article-title":"Seasonal variations in the biochemical composition of some common seaweed species from the coast of Abu Qir Bay, Alexandria, Egypt","volume":"55","author":"Khairy","year":"2013","journal-title":"Oceanologia"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2014.04.007","article-title":"Seasonal changes in lipid, fatty acid, \u03b1-tocopherol and phytosterol contents of seaweed, Undaria pinnatifida, in the Marlborough Sounds, New Zealand","volume":"161","author":"Boulom","year":"2014","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1515\/BOT.2002.007","article-title":"Seasonal lipid composition in macroalgae of the northeastern Pacific Ocean","volume":"45","author":"Nelson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Bot. Mar."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102-695X2013005000048","article-title":"Distinct fatty acid profile of ten brown macroalgae","volume":"23","author":"Silva","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rev. Bras. Farmacogn."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-511X-10-104","article-title":"Polyunsaturated fatty acids in various macroalgal species from north Atlantic and tropical seas","volume":"10","author":"Helsper","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lipids Health Dis."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2031","DOI":"10.2135\/cropsci2002.2031","article-title":"V Changes in membrane polar lipid fatty acids of seashore paspalum in response to low temperature exposure","volume":"42","author":"Cyril","year":"2002","journal-title":"Crop Sci."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1007\/s10068-014-0095-3","article-title":"Light effects on lipid oxidation, antioxidants, and pigments in dried laver (Porphyra) during storage","volume":"23","author":"Oh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Food Sci. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101726","DOI":"10.1016\/j.algal.2019.101726","article-title":"The macroalgal ensemble of Golfo Nuevo (Patagonia, Argentina) as a potential source of valuable fatty acids for nutritional and nutraceutical purposes","volume":"45","author":"Dellatorre","year":"2020","journal-title":"Algal Res."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meatsci.2003.09.004","article-title":"Fatty acid composition and cholesterol content of muscles as related to genotype and vitamin E treatment in crossbred lambs","volume":"67","author":"Salvatori","year":"2004","journal-title":"Meat Sci."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1007\/s10811-010-9578-7","article-title":"Minerals, PUFAs and antioxidant properties of some tropical seaweeds from Saurashtra coast of India","volume":"23","author":"Kumar","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Appl. Phycol."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.4319\/lo.1967.12.1.0079","article-title":"Distribution of n-parafins in marine organisms and sediment","volume":"12","author":"Clark","year":"1967","journal-title":"Limnol. Oceanogr."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1111\/1541-4337.12523","article-title":"Food safety hazards in the European seaweed chain","volume":"19","author":"Banach","year":"2020","journal-title":"Compr. Rev. Food Sci. Food Saf."}],"container-title":["Foods"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2304-8158\/10\/6\/1366\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T06:13:39Z","timestamp":1760163219000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2304-8158\/10\/6\/1366"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,12]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]}},"alternative-id":["foods10061366"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/foods10061366","relation":{},"ISSN":["2304-8158"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2304-8158","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,12]]}}}