{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T17:09:10Z","timestamp":1773940150234,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,30]],"date-time":"2021-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625011200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UID\/BIO\/04469\/2013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/BIO\/04469\/2013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SFRH\/BD\/122897\/2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BD\/122897\/2016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Foods"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC)-based films can act as a protective barrier in food surfaces and a carrier of bioactive compounds, such as curcumin. However, incorporating curcumin in hydrophilic matrixes can be a challenge, and new strategies need to be explored. In this work, CMC-based films containing free curcumin and curcumin-loaded nanohydrogels (composed of lactoferrin and glycomacropeptide) were produced and characterized. The incorporation of curcumin-loaded nanohydrogels showed a significant decrease in films\u2019 thickness (from 0.0791 to 0.029 mm). Furthermore, the water vapor permeability of CMC-based films was significantly decreased (62%) by incorporating curcumin-loaded nanohydrogels in the films. The water affinity\u2019s properties (moisture, solubility, and contact angle) of films were also affected by incorporating encapsulated curcumin. The addition of nanohydrogels to CMC-based films reduced the tensile strength values from 16.46 to 9.87 MPa. Chemical interactions were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The release profile of curcumin from CMC-based films was evaluated at 25 \u00b0C using a hydrophilic food simulant and suggests that the release mechanism of the curcumin happens by Fick\u2019s diffusion and Case II transport. Results showed that protein-based nanohydrogels can be a good strategy for incorporating curcumin in edible films, highlighting their potential for use in food applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/foods10071512","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,30]],"date-time":"2021-06-30T10:03:19Z","timestamp":1625047399000},"page":"1512","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Active Carboxymethylcellulose-Based Edible Films: Influence of Free and Encapsulated Curcumin on Films\u2019 Properties"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Ana I.","family":"Bourbon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Avenida Mestre Jos\u00e9 Veiga s\/n, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Maria J.","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Avenida Mestre Jos\u00e9 Veiga s\/n, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre of Biological Engineering, Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Lu\u00eds C.","family":"Maciel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Biological Engineering, Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6637-3462","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Pastrana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Avenida Mestre Jos\u00e9 Veiga s\/n, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3593-8878","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ant\u00f3nio A.","family":"Vicente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Biological Engineering, Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6614-3942","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel A.","family":"Cerqueira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Avenida Mestre Jos\u00e9 Veiga s\/n, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mirzaei-Mohkam, A., Garavand, F., Dehnad, D., Keramat, J., and Nasirpour, A. 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