{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T01:10:01Z","timestamp":1775697001344,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":147,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,4]],"date-time":"2021-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630713600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"European Regional Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NORTE-01-0145FEDER-030101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NORTE-01-0145FEDER-030101"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT\/MCTES)","award":["UIDB\/00153\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00153\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT\/MCTES)","award":["UIDB\/50006\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/50006\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT\/MCTES)","award":["PTDC\/SAU-INF\/30101\/2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PTDC\/SAU-INF\/30101\/2017"]}]},{"name":"Regional Government of the Azores, Portugal","award":["M1.1.a\/008\/Funcionamento\/2019(IITAA)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M1.1.a\/008\/Funcionamento\/2019(IITAA)"]}]},{"name":"Regional Fund for Science and Technology, Regional Government of the Azores, Portugal","award":["M.3.2.DOCPROF\/F\/044\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M.3.2.DOCPROF\/F\/044\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Foods"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Animal products, in particular dairy and fermented products, are major natural sources of lactic acid bacteria (LAB). These are known for their antimicrobial properties, as well as for their roles in organoleptic changes, antioxidant activity, nutrient digestibility, the release of peptides and polysaccharides, amino acid decarboxylation, and biogenic amine production and degradation. Due to their antimicrobial properties, LAB are used in humans and in animals, with beneficial effects, as probiotics or in the treatment of a variety of diseases. In livestock production, LAB contribute to animal performance, health, and productivity. In the food industry, LAB are applied as bioprotective and biopreservation agents, contributing to improve food safety and quality. However, some studies have described resistance to relevant antibiotics in LAB, with the concomitant risks associated with the transfer of antibiotic resistance genes to foodborne pathogens and their potential dissemination throughout the food chain and the environment. Here, we summarize the application of LAB in livestock and animal products, as well as the health impact of LAB in animal food products. In general, the beneficial effects of LAB on the human food chain seem to outweigh the potential risks associated with their consumption as part of animal and human diets. However, further studies and continuous monitorization efforts are needed to ensure their safe application in animal products and in the control of pathogenic microorganisms, preventing the possible risks associated with antibiotic resistance and, thus, protecting public health.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/foods10092092","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,6]],"date-time":"2021-09-06T13:15:56Z","timestamp":1630934156000},"page":"2092","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Role of Exposure to Lactic Acid Bacteria from Foods of Animal Origin in Human Health"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9640-9377","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carla","family":"Miranda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology and Antibiotic Resistance Team (MicroART), University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"},{"name":"Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry (LAQV-REQUIMTE), University NOVA of Lisboa, 2829-546 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7513-9432","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diogo","family":"Contente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6365-0735","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gilberto","family":"Igrejas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry (LAQV-REQUIMTE), University NOVA of Lisboa, 2829-546 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"},{"name":"Functional Genomics and Proteomics Unit, University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Sandra P. A.","family":"C\u00e2mara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Research and Technology (IITAA), University of the Azores, 9500-321 Angra do Hero\u00edsmo, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2146-5627","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria de Lurdes Enes","family":"Dapkevicius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Research and Technology (IITAA), University of the Azores, 9500-321 Angra do Hero\u00edsmo, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of the Azores, 9500-321 Angra do Hero\u00edsmo, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0925-689X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patr\u00edcia","family":"Poeta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology and Antibiotic Resistance Team (MicroART), University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"},{"name":"Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry (LAQV-REQUIMTE), University NOVA of Lisboa, 2829-546 Lisboa, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"An overview of lactic acid bacteria","volume":"1","author":"Khalid","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. 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