{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,11]],"date-time":"2026-01-11T10:13:02Z","timestamp":1768126382812,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":100,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,13]],"date-time":"2021-11-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1636761600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/04567\/2020 and UIDP\/04567\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04567\/2020 and UIDP\/04567\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Foods"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Diet has a fundamental role in the homeostasis of bodily functions, including the skin, which, as an essential protective barrier, plays a crucial role in this balance. The skin and intestine appear to share a series of indirect metabolic pathways, in a dual relationship known as the \u201cgut-skin axis\u201d. Hence, the gut-skin axis might be receptive to modulation via dietary modification, where probiotics can be included, thus representing a potential therapeutic target in inflammatory skin diseases, such as atopic dermatitis (AD), in order to control and\/or ameliorate symptoms. Kefir is one of the most ancient fermented foods, with probiotic characteristics that have been associated with a wide variety of health-promoting benefits, and it presents a microbiological diversity that makes its application as a probiotic in the gut-skin relationship of the utmost interest. However, the impact of a diet containing kefir on skin health has yet to be reported in scientific literature. This study aimed to assess the impact of the intake of homemade kefir in the skin of healthy and atopic volunteers. The intervention resulted in a boost on barrier function in both skin types verified only in the respective kefir intake groups. An improvement in the degree of severity of AD was also confirmed for the kefir intake group. Atopic individuals may benefit from kefir intake, especially in regard to their skin hydration. Finally, the effects observed on skin barrier function in this study probably culminate from the effects of all the ingredients in kefir, including the complex microbiota, its metabolites and macro- and micronutrients resulting from the fermentation. This work opens the way for more advanced research on the impact of the probiotic kefir on cutaneous health, further clarifying its mechanism of action namely via gut-skin axis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/foods10112794","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,14]],"date-time":"2021-11-14T20:48:36Z","timestamp":1636922916000},"page":"2794","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Homemade Kefir Consumption Improves Skin Condition\u2014A Study Conducted in Healthy and Atopic Volunteers"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3320-6748","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Em\u00edlia","family":"Alves","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CBIOS\u2014Universidade Lus\u00f3fona\u2019s Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alcal\u00e1, Carretera Madrid-Barcelona, Km 33.100, 28805 Alcal\u00e1 de Henares, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6130-9453","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Greg\u00f3rio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CBIOS\u2014Universidade Lus\u00f3fona\u2019s Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9197-3024","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andr\u00e9 Rolim","family":"Baby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Pharmacy, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo 05508-000, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7992-8343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patr\u00edcia","family":"Rijo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CBIOS\u2014Universidade Lus\u00f3fona\u2019s Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0198-7671","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis M.","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CBIOS\u2014Universidade Lus\u00f3fona\u2019s Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6429-6213","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catarina","family":"Rosado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CBIOS\u2014Universidade Lus\u00f3fona\u2019s Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1007\/s40521-021-00289-9","article-title":"The Role of the Environment and Exposome in Atopic Dermatitis","volume":"8","author":"Stefanovic","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr. 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