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Algae are sustainable sources of proteins, minerals, and fiber, with well-balanced essential amino acids, pigments, and fatty acids, among other relevant metabolites for human nutrition. This review covers the historical consumption of algae in Europe, developments in the current European market, challenges when introducing new species to the market, bottlenecks in production technology, consumer acceptance, and legislation. The current algae species that are consumed and commercialized in Europe were investigated, according to their status under the European Union (EU) Novel Food legislation, along with the market perspectives in terms of the current research and development initiatives, while evaluating the interest and potential in the European market. The regular consumption of more than 150 algae species was identified, of which only 20% are approved under the EU Novel Food legislation, which demonstrates that the current legislation is not broad enough and requires an urgent update. Finally, the potential of the European algae market growth was indicated by the analysis of the trends in research, technological advances, and market initiatives to promote algae commercialization and consumption.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/foods11131871","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,25]],"date-time":"2022-06-25T10:39:13Z","timestamp":1656153553000},"page":"1871","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":206,"title":["Algae as Food in Europe: An Overview of Species Diversity and Their Application"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6190-0633","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Madalena","family":"Mendes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"GreenCoLab\u2014Associa\u00e7\u00e3o Oceano Verde, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9380-4945","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sofia","family":"Navalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GreenCoLab\u2014Associa\u00e7\u00e3o Oceano Verde, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Alice","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LNEG, National Laboratory of Energy and Geology I.P., Bioenergy Unit, 1649-038 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Paulino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GreenCoLab\u2014Associa\u00e7\u00e3o Oceano Verde, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Figueiredo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GreenCoLab\u2014Associa\u00e7\u00e3o Oceano Verde, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GreenCoLab\u2014Associa\u00e7\u00e3o Oceano Verde, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Fengzheng","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioprocess Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6948-0055","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Florinda","family":"Gama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GreenCoLab\u2014Associa\u00e7\u00e3o Oceano Verde, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2838-6262","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriel","family":"Bombo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GreenCoLab\u2014Associa\u00e7\u00e3o Oceano Verde, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1659-4328","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rita","family":"Jacinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GreenCoLab\u2014Associa\u00e7\u00e3o Oceano Verde, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6651-3226","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susana","family":"Aveiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GreenCoLab\u2014Associa\u00e7\u00e3o Oceano Verde, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Schulze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GreenCoLab\u2014Associa\u00e7\u00e3o Oceano Verde, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, 8049 Bod\u00f8, Norway"}]},{"given":"Ana Teresa","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GreenCoLab\u2014Associa\u00e7\u00e3o Oceano Verde, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Hugo","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GreenCoLab\u2014Associa\u00e7\u00e3o Oceano Verde, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0196-6360","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luisa","family":"Gouveia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GreenCoLab\u2014Associa\u00e7\u00e3o Oceano Verde, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"},{"name":"LNEG, National Laboratory of Energy and Geology I.P., Bioenergy Unit, 1649-038 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3743-9063","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rita","family":"Patarra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"cE3c\u2014Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Azorean Biodiversity Group, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of the Azores, 500-321 Ponta Delgada, Portugal"},{"name":"Expolab\u2014Ci\u00eancia Viva Science Centre, Avenida da Ci\u00eancia\u2014Beta, 9560-421 Lagoa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Maria Helena","family":"Abreu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ALGAplus, Produ\u00e7\u00e3o e Comercializa\u00e7\u00e3o de Algas e Seus Derivados, Lda., 3830-196 \u00cdlhavo, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Joana","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Allmicroalgae\u2014Natural Products, 2445-413 Pataias, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Navalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Necton S.A., Belamandil s\/n, 8700-152 Olh\u00e3o, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3101-693X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Varela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GreenCoLab\u2014Associa\u00e7\u00e3o Oceano Verde, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5305-7543","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lais","family":"Speranza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GreenCoLab\u2014Associa\u00e7\u00e3o Oceano Verde, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2018.00058","article-title":"Trends in Microalgae Incorporation Into Innovative Food Products With Potential Health Benefits","volume":"5","author":"Caporgno","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. 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