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They are also very versatile and culturally diverse foods found all over the world, acting as a basic protein source in certain countries. Their genetic diversity is needed to sustain the food supply and security for humans and livestock, especially because of the current loss of habitats, species, and genetic diversity worldwide, but also because of the ever present need to feed the increasing human population. Even though both legumes and nuts are considered as high-protein food and environmentally friendly crops, developed countries have lower consumption rates when compared to Asia or Africa. With a view to increasing the consumption of legumes and nuts, the objective of this review is to present the advantages on the use of autochthonous varieties from different countries around the world, thus providing a boost to the local market in the area. The consumption of these varieties could be helped by their use in ready-to-eat foods (RTE), which are now on the rise thanks to today\u2019s fast-paced lifestyles and the search for more nutritious and sustainable foods. The versatility of legumes and nuts covers a wide range of possibilities through their use in plant-based dairy analogues, providing alternative-protein and maximal amounts of nutrients and bioactive compounds, potential plant-based flours for bakery and pasta, and added-value traditional RTE meals. For this reason, information about legume and nut nutrition could possibly increase its acceptance with consumers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/foods11233858","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,30]],"date-time":"2022-11-30T03:49:13Z","timestamp":1669780153000},"page":"3858","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Valorization of Local Legumes and Nuts as Key Components of the Mediterranean Diet"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Israel","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez-L\u00f3pez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"IRTA, Postharvest Programme, Edifici Fruitcentre, Parc Cient\u00edfic i Tecnol\u00f2gic Agroalimentari de Lleida, Parc de Gardeny, 25003 Lleida, Catalonia, Spain"}]},{"given":"Jordi","family":"Ortiz-Sol\u00e0","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRTA, Postharvest Programme, Edifici Fruitcentre, Parc Cient\u00edfic i Tecnol\u00f2gic Agroalimentari de Lleida, Parc de Gardeny, 25003 Lleida, Catalonia, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9119-6752","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"Alamprese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9050-5189","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lillian","family":"Barros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a, Campus de Santa Apol\u00f3nia, 5300-253 Bragan\u00e7a, Portugal"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regi\u00f5es de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a, Campus de Santa Apol\u00f3nia, 5300-253 Bragan\u00e7a, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7218-6949","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oren","family":"Shelef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Natural Resources, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO)\u2014Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel"}]},{"given":"Loai","family":"Basheer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Food Sciences Department, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Tel Hai College, Upper Galilee 1220800, Israel"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8359-9589","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Rivera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Miquel Agust\u00ed Foundation, Campus Baix Llobregat, 08860 Castelldefels, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Agri-Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Campus Baix Llobregat, Polytechnic University of Catalonia-BarcelonaTech, 08860 Castelldefels, Spain"}]},{"given":"Maribel","family":"Abadias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRTA, Postharvest Programme, Edifici Fruitcentre, Parc Cient\u00edfic i Tecnol\u00f2gic Agroalimentari de Lleida, Parc de Gardeny, 25003 Lleida, Catalonia, Spain"}]},{"given":"Ingrid","family":"Aguil\u00f3-Aguayo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRTA, Postharvest Programme, Edifici Fruitcentre, Parc Cient\u00edfic i Tecnol\u00f2gic Agroalimentari de Lleida, Parc de Gardeny, 25003 Lleida, Catalonia, Spain"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2069","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2017.02069","article-title":"The value of native plants and local production in an era of global agriculture","volume":"8","author":"Shelef","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. 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