{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T17:50:04Z","timestamp":1776448204742,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,24]],"date-time":"2023-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690156800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Regional Development Fund (FEDER)","award":["ED431C 2018\/05"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ED431C 2018\/05"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Foods"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The present work was performed to evaluate the levels of phytochemical constituents and the antioxidant and antibacterial properties of marine red seaweed (Kappaphycus alvarezii) and seagrass (Cymodocea serrulata). Quantitative phytochemical analysis, antioxidant activity and antimicrobial activity against five potential pathogenic bacteria was investigated. In each case, we found the presence of flavonoids, tannins, phenolic compounds, glycosides, steroids, carbohydrates and ashes. Alkaloids were only found in K. alvarezii, though they were not found in C. serrulata. The antimicrobial properties of both K. alvarezii and C. serrulata chloroform extracts were found to be antagonistically effective against the Gram-positive bacteria Bacillus subtilis and the Gram-negative bacteria Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio alginolyticus,\u00a0Vibrio harveyi and Klebsiella pneumoniae. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of 94 bioactive compounds in K. alvarezii and 104 bioactive compounds in C. serrulata, including phenol, decane, dodecane, hexadecane, vanillin, heptadecane, diphenylamine, benzophenone, octadecanoic acid, dotriaconate, benzene, phytol, butanoic acid and 2-hydroxyl-ethyl ether, which all played important roles in antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Thus, in view of the results, both K. alvarezii and C. serrulata could be considered to be sources of ingredients with appreciable nutritional and medicinal value.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/foods12142811","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,25]],"date-time":"2023-07-25T01:27:32Z","timestamp":1690248452000},"page":"2811","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Phytochemical Constituents, Antimicrobial Properties and Bioactivity of Marine Red Seaweed (Kappaphycus alvarezii) and Seagrass (Cymodocea serrulata)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Deep","family":"Das","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oceanography and Coastal Area Studies, School of Marine Sciences, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, Tamil Nadur, India"}]},{"given":"Abimannan","family":"Arulkumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Achariya Arts and Science College (Affiliated to Pondicherry University), Villiabur, Puducherry 605 110, Tamil Nadur, India"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6587-1267","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sadayan","family":"Paramasivam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oceanography and Coastal Area Studies, School of Marine Sciences, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, Tamil Nadur, India"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2159-1474","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aroa","family":"Lopez-Santamarina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Higiene Inspecci\u00f3n y Control de Alimentos, Departamento de Qu\u00edmica Anal\u00edtica, Nutrici\u00f3n y Bromatolog\u00eda, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain"}]},{"given":"Alicia","family":"del Carmen Mondragon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Higiene Inspecci\u00f3n y Control de Alimentos, Departamento de Qu\u00edmica Anal\u00edtica, Nutrici\u00f3n y Bromatolog\u00eda, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7992-1491","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jose Manuel","family":"Miranda Lopez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Higiene Inspecci\u00f3n y Control de Alimentos, Departamento de Qu\u00edmica Anal\u00edtica, Nutrici\u00f3n y Bromatolog\u00eda, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1047026","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.1047026","article-title":"Combination of marine bioactive compounds and extracts for the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases","volume":"9","author":"Ebrahimi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. 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