{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T07:57:36Z","timestamp":1770883056181,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,4]],"date-time":"2020-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1599177600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CVMar+i (0302_CVMAR_I_1_P, POCTEP 2015)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CVMar+i (0302_CVMAR_I_1_P, POCTEP 2015)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010801","name":"Xunta de Galicia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Grupos de Potencial Crecimiento, IN607B 2018\/19"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grupos de Potencial Crecimiento, IN607B 2018\/19"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010801","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Foods"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In the current work, we study the capacity of 30 peptones obtained by enzyme proteolysis of ten discarded fish species (hake, megrim, red scorpionfish, pouting, mackerel, gurnard, blue whiting, Atlantic horse mackerel, grenadier, and boarfish) to support the growth and metabolite production of four lactic acid bacteria (LAB) of probiotic and technological importance. Batch fermentations of Lactobacillus plantarum, L. brevis, L. casei, and Leuconostoc mesenteroides in most of the media formulated with fish peptones (87% of the cases) led to similar growths (quantified as dry-weight biomass and viable cells) and metabolites (mainly lactic acid) than in commercial control broth (MRS). Comparisons among cultures were performed by means of the parameters obtained from the mathematical fittings of experimental kinetics to the logistic equation. Modelling among experimental and predicted data from each bioproduction was generally accurate. A simple economic assessment demonstrated the profitability achieved when MRS is substituted by media formulated with fish discards: a 3\u20134-fold reduction of costs for LAB biomass, viable cells formation, and lactic and acetic acid production. Thus, these fish peptones are promising alternatives to the expensive commercial peptones as well as a possible solution to valorize discarded fish biomasses and by-products.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/foods9091239","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,4]],"date-time":"2020-09-04T12:20:06Z","timestamp":1599222006000},"page":"1239","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Bioconversion of Fish Discards through the Production of Lactic Acid Bacteria and Metabolites: Sustainable Application of Fish Peptones in Nutritive Fermentation Media"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1122-4726","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Antonio","family":"V\u00e1zquez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Biotecnolog\u00eda y Bioprocesos Marinos, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM-CSIC), C\/Eduardo Cabello, 6, CP 36208 Vigo, Galicia, Spain"},{"name":"Laboratorio de Reciclado y Valorizaci\u00f3n de Materiales Residuales (REVAL), Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM-CSIC), C\/Eduardo Cabello, 6, CP 36208 Vigo, Galicia, Spain"}]},{"given":"Ana I.","family":"Dur\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Biotecnolog\u00eda y Bioprocesos Marinos, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM-CSIC), C\/Eduardo Cabello, 6, CP 36208 Vigo, Galicia, Spain"},{"name":"Laboratorio de Reciclado y Valorizaci\u00f3n de Materiales Residuales (REVAL), Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM-CSIC), C\/Eduardo Cabello, 6, CP 36208 Vigo, Galicia, Spain"}]},{"given":"Araceli","family":"Mendu\u00ed\u00f1a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Biotecnolog\u00eda y Bioprocesos Marinos, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM-CSIC), C\/Eduardo Cabello, 6, CP 36208 Vigo, Galicia, Spain"},{"name":"Laboratorio de Reciclado y Valorizaci\u00f3n de Materiales Residuales (REVAL), Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM-CSIC), C\/Eduardo Cabello, 6, CP 36208 Vigo, Galicia, Spain"}]},{"given":"Margarita","family":"Nogueira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Biotecnolog\u00eda y Bioprocesos Marinos, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM-CSIC), C\/Eduardo Cabello, 6, CP 36208 Vigo, Galicia, Spain"},{"name":"Laboratorio de Reciclado y Valorizaci\u00f3n de Materiales Residuales (REVAL), Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM-CSIC), C\/Eduardo Cabello, 6, CP 36208 Vigo, Galicia, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7883-2446","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Mar\u00eda","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Qu\u00edmica Fina\u2014Laborat\u00f3rio Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Cat\u00f3lica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Joana","family":"Antunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Qu\u00edmica Fina\u2014Laborat\u00f3rio Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Cat\u00f3lica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1430-9370","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Cristina","family":"Freitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Qu\u00edmica Fina\u2014Laborat\u00f3rio Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Cat\u00f3lica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Esther","family":"Dag\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bialactis Biotech S.L., Grupo Zendal, Lugar a Relva, S\/N, CP 36410 O Porri\u00f1o, Pontevedra, Galicia, Spain"}]},{"given":"Paula","family":"Dag\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bialactis Biotech S.L., Grupo Zendal, Lugar a Relva, S\/N, CP 36410 O Porri\u00f1o, Pontevedra, Galicia, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7336-4049","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jesus","family":"Valcarcel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Biotecnolog\u00eda y Bioprocesos Marinos, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM-CSIC), C\/Eduardo Cabello, 6, CP 36208 Vigo, Galicia, Spain"},{"name":"Laboratorio de Reciclado y Valorizaci\u00f3n de Materiales Residuales (REVAL), Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM-CSIC), C\/Eduardo Cabello, 6, CP 36208 Vigo, Galicia, Spain"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"European Commission (2020, April 13). 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