{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,4]],"date-time":"2026-04-04T05:08:15Z","timestamp":1775279295966,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775088000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gels"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Bioadhesive materials capable of operating under aqueous conditions are of considerable interest for biomedical and materials science applications. Peptide-based systems represent an attractive platform for such materials due to their structural tunability, inherent biocompatibility, and ability to form supramolecular networks through noncovalent interactions. In this work, a focused library of tyrosine-containing dehydropeptides was designed and synthesized to investigate how molecular architectures influence self-assembly, hydrogel formation and adhesive properties. The peptides were synthesized using a solution-phase Boc strategy and systematically varied with respect to N-terminal protection and C-terminal functionality. The N-protected dehydropeptides formed supramolecular hydrogels through multiple gelation triggers, including pH reduction and heating\u2013cooling cycles. Rheological characterization confirmed the formation of viscoelastic networks with tunable mechanical properties, with storage moduli reaching tens of kilopascals depending on peptide structure. Scanning electron microscopy revealed dense fibrous nanostructures consistent with supramolecular hydrogel formation. The N,C-deprotected dehydropeptides displayed reduced gelation propensity but formed cohesive films with measurable adhesive performance toward hydrophilic substrates. Lap-shear tests demonstrated high shear strengths for the hydrophilic films, highlighting their structural robustness under stress. Overall, this study provides insights into the structure\u2013property relationships governing tyrosine-containing dehydropeptide assemblies and demonstrates their potential as minimalistic building blocks for supramolecular adhesive materials.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/gels12040305","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T11:51:03Z","timestamp":1775130663000},"page":"305","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Poly(L-Tyrosine)-Containing Dehydropeptides: Hydrogels vs. Bioadhesives"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Raquel","family":"Pereira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Chemistry of the University of Minho (CQ-UM), University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9936-8088","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Loic","family":"Hilliou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Polymers and Composites, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7229-0874","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Braian E. B.","family":"Uribe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Polymers and Composites, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9323-3978","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 A.","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Chemistry of the University of Minho (CQ-UM), University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3279-6731","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula M. T.","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Chemistry of the University of Minho (CQ-UM), University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Duan, W., Bian, X., and Bu, Y. (2021). Applications of Bioadhesives: A Mini Review. Front. Bioeng. 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