{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T13:07:56Z","timestamp":1769605676260,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,5]],"date-time":"2022-02-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644019200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PTDC\/BII-BIO\/28216\/2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PTDC\/BII-BIO\/28216\/2017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/04565\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04565\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDP\/04565\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04565\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/04469\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04469\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LA\/P\/0140\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0140\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Programa Operacional Regional de Lisboa 2020","award":["LISBOA-01-0145-FEDER-022231"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LISBOA-01-0145-FEDER-022231"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Genes"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Candida parapsilosis is an emerging human pathogen whose incidence is rising worldwide, while an increasing number of clinical isolates display resistance to first-line antifungals, demanding alternative therapeutics. Genome-Scale Metabolic Models (GSMMs) have emerged as a powerful in silico tool for understanding pathogenesis due to their systems view of metabolism, but also to their drug target predictive capacity. This study presents the construction of the first validated GSMM for C. parapsilosis\u2014iDC1003\u2014comprising 1003 genes, 1804 reactions, and 1278 metabolites across four compartments and an intercompartment. In silico growth parameters, as well as predicted utilisation of several metabolites as sole carbon or nitrogen sources, were experimentally validated. Finally, iDC1003 was exploited as a platform for predicting 147 essential enzymes in mimicked host conditions, in which 56 are also predicted to be essential in C. albicans and C. glabrata. These promising drug targets include, besides those already used as targets for clinical antifungals, several others that seem to be entirely new and worthy of further scrutiny. The obtained results strengthen the notion that GSMMs are promising platforms for drug target discovery and guide the design of novel antifungal therapies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/genes13020303","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,6]],"date-time":"2022-02-06T20:36:47Z","timestamp":1644179807000},"page":"303","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["A Genome-Scale Metabolic Model for the Human Pathogen Candida Parapsilosis and Early Identification of Putative Novel Antifungal Drug Targets"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Romeu","family":"Viana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, University of Lisbon, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"iBB\u2014Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Associate Laboratory Institute for Health and Bioeconomy\u2014i4HB, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Diogo","family":"Couceiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, University of Lisbon, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"iBB\u2014Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Associate Laboratory Institute for Health and Bioeconomy\u2014i4HB, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Tiago","family":"Carreiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, University of Lisbon, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"iBB\u2014Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Associate Laboratory Institute for Health and Bioeconomy\u2014i4HB, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1765-7178","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oscar","family":"Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CEB\u2014Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade do Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Rocha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ITQB Nova\u2014Instituto de Tecnologia Qu\u00edmica e Biol\u00f3gica Ant\u00f3nio Xavier, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5676-6174","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel Cacho","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, University of Lisbon, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"iBB\u2014Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Associate Laboratory Institute for Health and Bioeconomy\u2014i4HB, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6976.2011.00278.x","article-title":"Candida glabrata, Candida parapsilosis and Candida tropicalis: Biology, epidemiology, pathogenicity and antifungal resistance","volume":"36","author":"Silva","year":"2012","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. 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