{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T04:01:21Z","timestamp":1774929681166,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":242,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,21]],"date-time":"2022-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1666310400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"FCT\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia, I.P.","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/04293\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04293\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"FCT\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia, I.P.","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SFRH\/BD\/145515\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BD\/145515\/2019"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"FCT\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia, I.P.","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NORTE 2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NORTE 2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"PhD fellowship from Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/04293\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04293\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"PhD fellowship from Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SFRH\/BD\/145515\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BD\/145515\/2019"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"PhD fellowship from Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NORTE 2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NORTE 2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"the Norte Portugal Regional Operational Programme","award":["UIDB\/04293\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04293\/2020"]}]},{"name":"the Norte Portugal Regional Operational Programme","award":["SFRH\/BD\/145515\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BD\/145515\/2019"]}]},{"name":"the Norte Portugal Regional Operational Programme","award":["NORTE 2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NORTE 2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Genes"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Vitamin C (VC) is an essential nutrient required for the optimal function and development of many organisms. VC has been studied for many decades, and still today, the characterization of its functions is a dynamic scientific field, mainly because of its commercial and therapeutic applications. In this review, we discuss, in a comparative way, the increasing evidence for alternative VC synthesis pathways in insects and nematodes, and the potential of myo-inositol as a possible substrate for this metabolic process in metazoans. Methodological approaches that may be useful for the future characterization of the VC synthesis pathways of Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster are here discussed. We also summarize the current distribution of the eukaryote aldonolactone oxidoreductases gene lineages, while highlighting the added value of studies on prokaryote species that are likely able to synthesize VC for both the characterization of novel VC synthesis pathways and inferences on the complex evolutionary history of such pathways. Such work may help improve the industrial production of VC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/genes13101917","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,24]],"date-time":"2022-10-24T02:31:03Z","timestamp":1666578663000},"page":"1917","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Advances in Novel Animal Vitamin C Biosynthesis Pathways and the Role of Prokaryote-Based Inferences to Understand Their Origin"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Pedro","family":"Duque","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), Porto University, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias da Universidade do Porto (FCUP), Rua do Campo Alegre, s\/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade (I3S), Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7139-2107","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina P.","family":"Vieira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade (I3S), Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7032-5220","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge","family":"Vieira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade (I3S), Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"443","article-title":"Ascorbic acid: Chemistry, biology and the treatment of cancer","volume":"1826","author":"Du","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biochim. 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