{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T18:29:46Z","timestamp":1777487386321,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":128,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,14]],"date-time":"2025-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741910400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia (FCT)","award":["UIDP\/04378\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04378\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia (FCT)","award":["UIDB\/04378\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04378\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia (FCT)","award":["LA\/P\/0140\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0140\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Associate Laboratory Institute for Health and Bioeconomy\u2014i4HB","award":["UIDP\/04378\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04378\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Associate Laboratory Institute for Health and Bioeconomy\u2014i4HB","award":["UIDB\/04378\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04378\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Associate Laboratory Institute for Health and Bioeconomy\u2014i4HB","award":["LA\/P\/0140\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0140\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Geriatrics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Renal aging is a physiological process characterized by structural and functional changes in the kidneys. The presence of disorders or pathologies can exacerbate these age-related changes, potentially leading to organ dysfunction. Chronic kidney disease (CKD), a significant global public health issue, is particularly prevalent in the elderly and is often associated with the age-related decline in kidney function. Anemia is one of the most frequent complications of CKD and is also highly prevalent in the elderly. Mild anemia, often multifactorial, is the most common presentation. Understanding the mechanisms driving anemia in this population is crucial to ensure appropriate treatment. The primary etiologies include nutritional deficiency, anemia of unknown cause, and anemia of chronic diseases, including CKD. This review provides an in-depth exploration of the complex pathophysiological mechanisms underlying anemia in elderly patients with CKD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/geriatrics10020043","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,14]],"date-time":"2025-03-14T04:29:18Z","timestamp":1741926558000},"page":"43","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Anemia in Elderly Patients: Contribution of Renal Aging and Chronic Kidney Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Simone","family":"Santos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UCIBIO i4HB, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8257-5841","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irina","family":"Lousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCIBIO i4HB, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9884-4751","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00e1rcia","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"FP-I3ID, FP-BHS, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, Pra\u00e7a de 9 de Abril 349, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"LAQV\/REQUIMTE, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"RISE-Health, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Ensino e Cultura Fernando Pessoa, Rua Carlos da Maia 296, 4200-150 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8061-9289","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Sameiro-Faria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCIBIO i4HB, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio do Porto, Centro Materno-Infantil do Norte, Servi\u00e7o de Pediatria, Unidade de Nefrologia Pedi\u00e1trica, 4050-651 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2565-3169","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alice","family":"Santos-Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCIBIO i4HB, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3941-6850","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu\u00eds","family":"Belo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCIBIO i4HB, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lote, C.J. 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