{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T20:09:42Z","timestamp":1775765382214,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,28]],"date-time":"2023-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)","award":["308018\/2019-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["308018\/2019-2"]}]},{"name":"National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)","award":["435344\/2018-8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["435344\/2018-8"]}]},{"name":"National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)","award":["308018\/2019-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["308018\/2019-2"]}]},{"name":"National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)","award":["435344\/2018-8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["435344\/2018-8"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Healthcare"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Scientific evidence indicates that workers in the health sector are commonly exposed to work-related musculoskeletal pain. Objectives: We aimed to identify the relationship between the presence and intensity of musculoskeletal pain in the neck and lumbar regions reported by Primary Health Care (PHC) workers with workloads and occupational risks, analyze musculoskeletal pain in the presence and absence of self-reported mental disorders based on a medical diagnosis, and identify workers\u2019 strategies to manage pain. Method: This cross-sectional study addressed 338 health professionals working in PHC outpatient services in the extreme South of Brazil. One questionnaire addressed sociodemographic questions concerning occupation, occupational risks, and mental disorders. The Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire was used to assess self-reported musculoskeletal pain. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) measured the workload. A descriptive and inferential analysis was performed using SPSS version 21.0. Results: Most (55.3%) participants reported neck and (64.5%) lower back pain in the previous 12 months, and 22.5% and 30.5% reported intense neck and lower back pain, respectively, in the previous 12 months. The results showed different independent associations with increased musculoskeletal pain among health workers. Dentists presented the highest prevalence of neck pain, while female workers presented the highest prevalence of lower back pain. Furthermore, the perception of ergonomic risk and virtually all self-reported mental disorders (except panic syndrome for neck pain) were associated with pain in the neck and lower back regions and a higher frustration level (mental demand). Additionally, professionals with graduate degrees, nurses, and professionals working the longest in PHC services reported seeking complementary therapies more frequently, while physicians and those with self-reported mental disorders self-medicated more frequently.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare11030365","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,30]],"date-time":"2023-01-30T07:34:41Z","timestamp":1675064081000},"page":"365","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Musculoskeletal Pain in the Neck and Lower Back Regions among PHC Workers: Association between Workload, Mental Disorders, and Strategies to Manage Pain"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0754-7469","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta Regina","family":"Cezar-Vaz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande 96203-900, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Daiani Modernel","family":"Xavier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande 96203-900, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Clarice Alves","family":"Bonow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Nursing, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas 96010-610, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Jordana Cezar","family":"Vaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Dermatology Professor Rubem David Azulalay (Medical Residency), Rio de Janeiro 20020-020, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Let\u00edcia Silveira","family":"Cardoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana 97501-970, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Cynthia Fontella","family":"Sant\u2019Anna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana 97501-970, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Valdecir Zavarese","family":"da Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Carlos Henrique Cardona","family":"Nery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Human and Information Sciences\u2014ICHI, Federal University of Rio Grande\u2014Santa Vit\u00f3ria do Palmar Campus, Santa Vit\u00f3ria do Palmar 96230-000, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Aline Soares","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing (Ph.D. Program), Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande 96203-900, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Joice Simionato","family":"Vettorello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing (Ph.D. Program), Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande 96203-900, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Jociel Lima","family":"de Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing (Ph.D. Program), Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande 96203-900, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1826-5923","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helena Maria Almeida Macedo","family":"Loureiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences, Santiago University Campus, University of Aveiro (ESSUA), Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization, and International Labour Organization (2022, December 01). 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