{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:37:25Z","timestamp":1760150245694,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":96,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,27]],"date-time":"2023-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698364800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"ENDOCU research group","award":["2023-GRIN-34481"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023-GRIN-34481"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Healthcare"],"abstract":"<jats:p>(1) Background: The role of Al-Andalus\u2019s women were the result of Arabization and Islamization in Spain. The 10th to the 14th centuries were a time of significant cultural diversity in the region. Female physicians and midwives were important for providing care to women. Despite existing studies, there is still a lack of focused research on the professionalization of these trades, including their requirements, intervention areas, and treatments. (2) Methods: To address this gap, we conducted a scoping review using the dialectical structural model of care (DSMC). Primary medical and legislative sources were used. (3) Results: two kinds of midwife, or q\u0101bila, were discovered, along with a woman physician, or \u1e6dab\u012bba, who also acted as a midwife. These professions underwent diverse training and fulfilled duties as obstetricians and pediatricians. Midwives were esteemed members of society and were the sole female professionals who needed qualified training. Their performance in the courts was exemplary. Tools for facilitating childbirth and interventions related to female health were discovered in the study. (4) Conclusions: The patriarchal societies suffer from significant inequality in terms of academic training, knowledge transmission, and healthcare provision. Midwives functioned in segregated domestic and legal spaces and were responsible for providing public care to communities from the 10th to 14th centuries.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare11212835","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,27]],"date-time":"2023-10-27T09:42:52Z","timestamp":1698399772000},"page":"2835","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Art of Childbirth of the Midwives of Al-Andalus: Social Assessment and Legal Implication of Health Assistance in the Cultural Diversity of the 10th\u201314th Centuries"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9961-072X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Blanca","family":"Espina-Jerez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, University of Alicante, Carretera de San Vicente del Raspeig s\/n, 03690 Alicante, Spain"},{"name":"ENDOCU Research Group (Nursing, Pain and Care), University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9038-8576","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Mar\u00eda","family":"Aguiar-Fr\u00edas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"S. Jo\u00e3o de Deus Higher School of Nursing, University of \u00c9vora, Largo do Sr. da Pobreza 2B, 7000-811 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3046-639X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Siles-Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, University of Alicante, Carretera de San Vicente del Raspeig s\/n, 03690 Alicante, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8399-8619","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aliete","family":"Cunha-Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Nursing School of Coimbra (ESEnfC), 3004-011 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Center for Interdisciplinary Studies (CEIS20), University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9640-0409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sagrario","family":"G\u00f3mez-Cantarino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ENDOCU Research Group (Nursing, Pain and Care), University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain"},{"name":"Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Nursing School of Coimbra (ESEnfC), 3004-011 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Physiotherapy and Nursing, Toledo Campus, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Mead, M. 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