{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T10:52:06Z","timestamp":1769165526476,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,5]],"date-time":"2024-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722816000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia (FCT) through R&amp;D Units funding","award":["UIDB\/05210\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/05210\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Healthcare"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Rehabilitation involves all types of patients, including people with schizophrenia. Schizophrenia is considered a complex syndrome characterized in general by fundamental and characteristic distortions of thinking and perception. The quality of life of a person with schizophrenia can be compromised by difficulty in carrying out their daily tasks and by the social stigma of their condition. The importance of training and sensitizing students in rehabilitation areas to this type of problem to improve the rehabilitation processes in which they will participate as future professionals involves empathy and the ability to communicate with these populations. It is possible through virtual reality to create immersive environments to simulate some psychotic symptoms characteristic of people with schizophrenia, such as visual hallucinations and hearing voices. The aim of this study was to test the effect of exposure to experiences characteristic of schizophrenia through two different types of immersive environments, graphical computational virtual reality and 360\u00b0 video, on students from areas of social rehabilitation regarding empathy, social distance, and attitudes towards people with schizophrenia. Although the results were positive for the three parameters under study, no significant differences were found for each of them between the environments to which the participants were exposed. This study concluded that the choice between the two types of immersive environments should be based on the project\u2019s objectives, the target audience\u2019s needs, and available resources, rather than the type of environment itself, as their impact was similar.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare12151550","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,5]],"date-time":"2024-08-05T15:45:22Z","timestamp":1722872722000},"page":"1550","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Using Immersive Environments in E-Mental Health Rehabilitation Programs Directed to Future Health Professionals to Promote Empathy and Health Literacy about Schizophrenia"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3975-2395","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo","family":"Veloso Gomes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Reabilita\u00e7\u00e3o Psicossocial (LabRP), Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Reabilita\u00e7\u00e3o (CIR), Escola Superior de Sa\u00fade (ESS), Polytechnic of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8656-5023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ant\u00f3nio","family":"Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Reabilita\u00e7\u00e3o Psicossocial (LabRP), Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Reabilita\u00e7\u00e3o (CIR), Escola Superior de Sa\u00fade (ESS), Polytechnic of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9328-0723","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Javier","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CITIC Research Center, University of A Coru\u00f1a, 15011 A Coru\u00f1a, Spain"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Pimenta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry of the Network of Chemistry and Technology (LAQV-REQUIMTE), Escola Superior de Sa\u00fade (ESS), Polytechnic of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Center for Innovation in Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Centro de Estudos de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade da Universidade de Coimbra (CEISUC), 3004-512 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8701-2113","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Donga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Reabilita\u00e7\u00e3o Psicossocial (LabRP), Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Reabilita\u00e7\u00e3o (CIR), Escola Superior de Media Artes e Design (ESMAD), Polytechnic of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4703-1712","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raquel","family":"Sim\u00f5es de Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Reabilita\u00e7\u00e3o Psicossocial (LabRP), Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Reabilita\u00e7\u00e3o (CIR), Escola Superior de Sa\u00fade (ESS), Polytechnic of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.31887\/DCNS.2010.12.3\/ajablensky","article-title":"The diagnostic concept of schizophrenia: Its history, evolution, and future prospects","volume":"12","author":"Jablensky","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dialogues Clin. 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