{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:37:00Z","timestamp":1760060220215,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,11]],"date-time":"2025-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754870400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Healthcare"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Physical fitness is a key determinant of health in university students, a population at risk of sedentary behaviors and lifestyle-related health issues. The European Fitness Badge (EFB) provides a comprehensive assessment of fitness parameters and individualized feedback. This study aimed to evaluate the physical fitness of Romanian university students using the EFB to examine the effects of activity profile, sex, age, and academic major and to associate physical fitness with body composition indices, including Body Mass Index (BMI) and A Body Shape Index (ABSI). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 180 university students (43.33% male; age 18\u201353 years). Participants were categorized into two fitness profiles: Basic (TP1) and Advanced (TP2). Physical fitness was assessed through standardized EFB protocols measuring endurance, strength, flexibility, coordination, and overall fitness. Independent t-tests, one- and two-way ANOVA, and Pearson correlations were used to analyze differences and associations. Results: TP2 participants scored significantly higher in endurance, strength, coordination, and overall fitness, Males outperformed females in strength and coordination. Strength decreased with age, particularly in the oldest group. The sports students demonstrated superior fitness compared to peers in other majors. Two-way ANOVA revealed significant interactions between profile and sex for strength and overall fitness. BMI and ABSI were negatively correlated with physical fitness, in strength, coordination, and overall fitness. Conclusions: The EFB proved effective in differentiating physical fitness profiles. Demographic factors and body composition influenced fitness outcomes, underscoring the need for targeted, profile-based physical activity strategies specifically adapted to university curricula and extracurricular sport programs. However, the findings should be interpreted in light of the study\u2019s geographic limitation, as the sample included only Romanian university students.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare13161966","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,11]],"date-time":"2025-08-11T11:02:09Z","timestamp":1754910129000},"page":"1966","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Health-Related Physical Fitness of Romanian University Students: The European Fitness Badge Approach"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8488-1698","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vlad Adrian","family":"Geant\u0103","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Aurel Vlaicu University of Arad, 310330 Arad, Romania"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4110-2751","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Viorel Petru","family":"Ardelean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Aurel Vlaicu University of Arad, 310330 Arad, Romania"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-8636-2185","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Corina","family":"Dulceanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Aurel Vlaicu University of Arad, 310330 Arad, Romania"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-0695-3967","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudiu","family":"Bulzan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Aurel Vlaicu University of Arad, 310330 Arad, Romania"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-8518-3405","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patricia Roxana","family":"For\u021b","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Aurel Vlaicu University of Arad, 310330 Arad, Romania"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9332-1783","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Borko","family":"Katanic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Montenegrin Sports Academy, 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3019-5545","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karuppasamy","family":"Govindasamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Recreation and Wellness, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Hyderabad Campus, Modallaguda, Nandigama, Rangareddy Dist., Hyderabad 509217, Telangana, India"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1990-0589","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco","family":"Campos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Coimbra Education School, Polytechnic University of Coimbra, Rua da Miseric\u00f3rdia, Lagar dos Corti\u00e7os, S. Martinho do Bispo, 3045-093 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"SPRINT-Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center, Polytechnic University of Coimbra, Rua da Miseric\u00f3rdia, Lagar dos Corti\u00e7os, S. Martinho do Bispo, 3045-093 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2310-1560","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ricardo","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Coimbra Education School, Polytechnic University of Coimbra, Rua da Miseric\u00f3rdia, Lagar dos Corti\u00e7os, S. Martinho do Bispo, 3045-093 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"SPRINT-Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center, Polytechnic University of Coimbra, Rua da Miseric\u00f3rdia, Lagar dos Corti\u00e7os, S. Martinho do Bispo, 3045-093 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Vasile Emil","family":"Ursu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Law and Social Sciences, University \u201c1 Decembrie 1918\u201d of Alba Iulia, 510009 Alba Iulia, Romania"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-6059-4666","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ovidiu Gheorghe","family":"\u0218erban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Aurel Vlaicu University of Arad, 310330 Arad, Romania"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kumari, R., Nath, B., Singh, Y., and Mallick, R. (2024). Health-Related Physical Fitness, Physical Activity, and Its Correlates among School-Going Adolescents in a Hilly State in North India: A Cross-Sectional Survey. 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