{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]],"date-time":"2025-12-09T04:22:43Z","timestamp":1765254163537,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,6]],"date-time":"2021-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630886400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation","award":["2021A1515011330","2019A1515012134"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021A1515011330","2019A1515012134"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Healthcare"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Research on the combined role of 24-hour movement behaviors (sleep, sedentary behavior [SB], and physical activity) in adult mental health, though important, is in its infancy. In the context of Canadian 24-hour movement guidelines integrating quantitative recommendations for sleep, SB, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), this study aimed to examine the associations between meeting guidelines and mental health among college students. The study used a cross-sectional sample of 1846 Chinese college students surveyed online in August 2020. Through network analysis and multivariate analysis of covariance, the individual and combined associations between meeting 24-hour movement guidelines and the levels of depression and anxiety after adjusting sociodemographic factors were analyzed. Results indicated that meeting the sleep guideline had stronger associations with depression and anxiety than meeting the SB or MVPA guideline. Specifically, compared to meeting no guidelines, meeting the sleep guideline (alone or in combination with other guidelines) was associated with significantly lower levels of depression and anxiety; meeting both SB and MVPA guidelines was also associated with a significantly lower level of depression. Hence, meeting more guidelines, especially adhering to a healthy sleep routine, may play an important role in promoting the mental health of young adults.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare9091166","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,6]],"date-time":"2021-09-06T21:47:38Z","timestamp":1630964858000},"page":"1166","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Sleep as a Priority: 24-Hour Movement Guidelines and Mental Health of Chinese College Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2916-9232","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kaixin","family":"Liang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4947-9329","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clarice Maria","family":"de Lucena Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health, and Leisure\u2014CIAFEL, Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto University, 4500 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Paraiba, Jo\u00e3o Pessoa 58000-000, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8975-7565","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Si-Tong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne 8001, Australia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6610-4617","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cain Craig Truman","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK"}]},{"given":"Michael Joseph","family":"Duncan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9390-5404","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"He","family":"Bu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China"}]},{"given":"Liuyue","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"}]},{"given":"Xinli","family":"Chi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hawes, M.T., Szenczy, A.K., Klein, D.N., Hajcak, G., and Nelson, B.D. (2021). Increases in depression and anxiety symptoms in adolescents and young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychol. Med., 1\u20139.","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291720005358"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-020-00913-3","article-title":"Psychological health, sleep quality, and coping styles to stress facing the COVID-19 in Wuhan, China","volume":"10","author":"Fu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transl. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.11.109","article-title":"Mental Health Among College Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic in China: A 2-Wave Longitudinal Survey","volume":"281","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Browning, M.H.E.M., Larson, L.R., Sharaievska, I., Rigolon, A., McAnirlin, O., Mullenbach, L., Cloutier, S., Vu, T.M., Thomsen, J., and Reigner, N. (2021). Psychological impacts from COVID-19 among university students: Risk factors across seven states in the United States. PLoS ONE, 16.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0245327"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.11.032","article-title":"Mental health of college students during the COVID-19 epidemic in China","volume":"280","author":"Fu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-021-03066-9","article-title":"Prevalence and its associated factors of depressive symptoms among Chinese college students during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"21","author":"Yu","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.5114\/biolsport.2021.101605","article-title":"Globally altered sleep patterns and physical activity levels by confinement in 5056 individuals: ECLB COVID-19 international online survey","volume":"38","author":"Trabelsi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biol. Sport"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.05.009","article-title":"Prevalence and correlates of PTSD and depressive symptoms one month after the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic in a sample of home-quarantined Chinese university students","volume":"274","author":"Tang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.07.137","article-title":"Standing up for health\u2014Improving mental wellbeing during COVID-19 isolation by reducing sedentary behaviour","volume":"277","author":"Diamond","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"1","article-title":"Integrating sleep, sedentary behaviour, and physical activity research in the emerging field of time-use epidemiology: Definitions, concepts, statistical methods, theoretical framework, and future directions","volume":"2","author":"Dumuid","year":"2017","journal-title":"Kinesiology"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S311","DOI":"10.1139\/apnm-2016-0151","article-title":"Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Children and Youth: An Integration of Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour, and Sleep","volume":"41","author":"Tremblay","year":"2016","journal-title":"Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S57","DOI":"10.1139\/apnm-2020-0467","article-title":"Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Adults aged 18\u201364 years and Adults aged 65 years or older: An integration of physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep","volume":"45","author":"Ross","year":"2020","journal-title":"Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-017-4859-6","article-title":"Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for the Early Years (0\u20134 years): An Integration of Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour, and Sleep","volume":"17","author":"Tremblay","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1139\/apnm-2016-0681","article-title":"Is adherence to the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Behaviour Guidelines for Children and Youth associated with improved indicators of physical, mental, and social health?","volume":"42","author":"Janssen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jshs.2020.07.004","article-title":"The whole day matters: Understanding 24-hour movement guideline adherence and relationships with health indicators across the lifespan","volume":"9","author":"Rollo","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Sport Health Sci."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2016.12.005","article-title":"Health associations with meeting new 24-hour movement guidelines for Canadian children and youth","volume":"95","author":"Carson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Prev. Med."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kastelic, K., Pedisic, Z., Lipovac, D., Kastelic, N., Chen, S.T., and Sarabon, N. (2021). Associations of meeting 24-h movement guidelines with stress and self-rated health among adults: Is meeting more guidelines associated with greater benefits?. BMC Public Health, 21.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-021-10979-3"},{"key":"ref_18","unstructured":"Ayala, A.M.C., Salmon, J., Dunstan, D.W., Arundell, L., and Timperio, A. (2020). Does light-intensity physical activity moderate the relationship between sitting time and adiposity markers in adolescents?. J. Sport Health Sci., in press."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1170","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glu038","article-title":"Sleep and Executive Function in Older Women: The Moderating Effect of Physical Activity","volume":"69","author":"Lambiase","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Gerontol. Ser. A"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Van Dyck, D., Barnett, A., Van Cauwenberg, J., Zhang, C.J.P., Sit, C.H.P., and Cerin, E. (2020). Main and interacting effects of physical activity and sedentary time on older adults\u2019 BMI: The moderating roles of socio-demographic and environmental attributes. PLoS ONE, 15.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0235833"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v048.i04","article-title":"Network Visualizations of Relationships in Psychometric Data","volume":"48","author":"Epskamp","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Stat. Softw."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lucena Martins, C.M.D., Clark, C.C.T., Ribeiro Bandeira, P.F., Mota, J., and Duncan, M.J. (2020). Association between Compliance with the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines and Fundamental Movement Skills in Preschoolers: A Network Perspective. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 17.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17155443"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1007\/s12529-011-9206-1","article-title":"Subjective Social Status: Construct Validity and Associations with Psychosocial Vulnerability and Self-Rated Health","volume":"20","author":"Cundiff","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Behav. Med."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1080\/08870440310001638098","article-title":"Subjective social status: Reliability and predictive utility for global health","volume":"19","author":"Operario","year":"2004","journal-title":"Psychol. Health"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2006.05.003","article-title":"Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of IPAQ (short, last 7 days)","volume":"10","author":"Macfarlane","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Sci. Med. Sport"},{"key":"ref_26","first-page":"103","article-title":"Reliability and validity of the Pittsburgh sleep quality index","volume":"29","author":"Liu","year":"1996","journal-title":"Chin. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2091","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.1050","article-title":"Diet quality, consumption of seafood and eggs are associated with sleep quality among Chinese urban adults: A cross-sectional study in eight cities of China","volume":"7","author":"Wu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Food Sci. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijchp.2020.100218","article-title":"Mental health problems among Chinese adolescents during the COVID-19: The importance of nutrition and physical activity","volume":"21","author":"Chi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Clin. Health Psychol."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.4236\/ojpm.2011.13014","article-title":"Relationship between meeting the recommendations for physical activity and health-related quality of life in adult Chinese Internet users","volume":"01","author":"Ma","year":"2011","journal-title":"Open J. Prev. Med."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.06.001","article-title":"Sleep problems among Chinese adolescents and young adults during the coronavirus-2019 pandemic","volume":"74","author":"Zhou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2014.05.021","article-title":"Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) in the general population","volume":"36","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gen. Hosp. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_32","unstructured":"Zhang, Z. (2005). Behavioral Medicine Inventory Manual, The Chinese Medicine Electronic Audio and Video Publishing House."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, Y., Li, G., Yu, M., Liu, C., Qu, Y., and Wu, H. (2021). Association Between Anxiety Symptoms and Problematic Smartphone Use Among Chinese University Students: The Mediating\/Moderating Role of Self-Efficacy. Front. Psychiatry, 12.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.581367"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-016-0802-0","article-title":"Recognition of depression, anxiety, and alcohol abuse in a Chinese rural sample: A cross-sectional study","volume":"16","author":"Yu","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xiang, M., Tan, X., Sun, J., Yang, H., Zhao, X., Liu, L., Hou, X., and Hu, M. (2020). Relationship of Physical Activity With Anxiety and Depression Symptoms in Chinese College Students During the COVID-19 Outbreak. Front. Psychol., 11.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.582436"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1002\/spe.4380211102","article-title":"Graph drawing by force-directed placement","volume":"21","author":"Fruchterman","year":"1991","journal-title":"Softw. Pr. Exp."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1093\/biostatistics\/kxm045","article-title":"Sparse inverse covariance estimation with the graphical lasso","volume":"9","author":"Friedman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biostatistics"},{"key":"ref_38","first-page":"604","article-title":"Extended Bayesian Information Criteria for Gaussian Graphical Models","volume":"23","author":"Foygel","year":"2010","journal-title":"Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1002\/da.22386","article-title":"Sleep duration and depression among adults: A meta-analysis of prospective studies","volume":"32","author":"Zhai","year":"2015","journal-title":"Depress. Anxiety"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1002\/smi.2948","article-title":"The association of occupational stress and sleep duration with anxiety symptoms among healthy employees: A cohort study","volume":"36","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Stress Health"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2019.10.022","article-title":"Abnormal night sleep duration and poor sleep quality are independently and combinedly associated with elevated depressive symptoms in Chinese rural adults: Henan Rural Cohort","volume":"70","author":"Jiang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2015.12.006","article-title":"Sleep and emotion regulation: An organizing, integrative review","volume":"31","author":"Palmer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sleep Med. Rev."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2018.05.006","article-title":"Mechanisms underlying the association between insomnia, anxiety, and depression in adolescence: Implications for behavioral sleep interventions","volume":"63","author":"Blake","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Psychol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-020-08887-z","article-title":"Are one-year changes in adherence to the 24-hour movement guidelines associated with depressive symptoms among youth?","volume":"20","author":"Patte","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"ref_45","first-page":"1","article-title":"Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: A systematic review","volume":"17","author":"Colman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Behav. Nutr. Phys."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1093\/tbm\/ibaa095","article-title":"Changes in the clustering of unhealthy movement behaviors during the COVID-19 quarantine and the association with mental health indicators among Brazilian adults","volume":"11","author":"Werneck","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transl. Behav. Med."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113339","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113339","article-title":"Associations of moderate to vigorous physical activity and sedentary behavior with depressive and anxiety symptoms in self-isolating people during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional survey in Brazil","volume":"292","author":"Schuch","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2020.09.003","article-title":"24-Hour Movement Behaviors and Internalizing and Externalizing Behaviors Among Youth","volume":"68","author":"Colman","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Adolesc. Health"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wolf, S., Seiffer, B., Zeibig, J., Welkerling, J., Brokmeier, L., Atrott, B., Ehring, T., and Schuch, F.B. (2021). Is Physical Activity Associated with Less Depression and Anxiety During the COVID-19 Pandemic? A Rapid Systematic Review. Sports Med., 1\u201313.","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-81150\/v1"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Richardson, D.L., Clarke, N.D., Broom, D.R., Tallis, J., and Duncan, M.J. (2021). Life after lockdown: The role of sport, exercise and physical activity in ameliorating the mental health implications of COVID-19 restrictions. J. Sports Sci., 1\u20133.","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2021.1923186"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R797","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2020.06.022","article-title":"Sleep in university students prior to and during COVID-19 Stay-at-Home orders","volume":"30","author":"Wright","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113849","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.113849","article-title":"Sleep characteristics of U.S. adults before and during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"276","author":"Hisler","year":"2021","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13052","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.13052","article-title":"Dealing with sleep problems during home confinement due to the COVID-19 outbreak: Practical recommendations from a task force of the European CBT-I Academy","volume":"29","author":"Altena","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Sleep Res."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.17269\/s41997-020-00382-7","article-title":"Sleep and circadian rhythm in response to the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"111","author":"Morin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Can. J. Public Health"},{"key":"ref_55","first-page":"199","article-title":"Sleep and COVID-19: Considerations about immunity, pathophysiology, and treatment","volume":"13","author":"Mello","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sleep Sci."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2012.11.013","article-title":"Linking depression symptom trajectories in adolescence to physical activity and team sports participation in young adults","volume":"56","author":"Sabiston","year":"2013","journal-title":"Prev. Med."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e921","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2014-1696","article-title":"Insufficient sleep in adolescents and young adults: An update on causes and consequences","volume":"134","author":"Owens","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2018.03.011","article-title":"The bidirectional relationship between sleep duration and depression in community-dwelling middle-aged and elderly individuals: Evidence from a longitudinal study","volume":"52","author":"Sun","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2019.11.130","article-title":"Reciprocal associations between depression and screen-based sedentary behaviors in adolescents differ by depressive symptom dimension and screen-type","volume":"263","author":"Zink","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2020.05.001","article-title":"Current and Future Roles of Consumer Sleep Technologies in Sleep Medicine","volume":"15","author":"Goldstein","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sleep Med. Clin."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(20)30034-1","article-title":"Depressive symptoms and objectively measured physical activity and sedentary behaviour throughout adolescence: A prospective cohort study","volume":"7","author":"Kandola","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1179\/1476830515Y.0000000043","article-title":"Dietary recommendations for the prevention of depression","volume":"20","author":"Opie","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nutr. Neurosci."}],"container-title":["Healthcare"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2227-9032\/9\/9\/1166\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T06:57:06Z","timestamp":1760165826000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2227-9032\/9\/9\/1166"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,6]]},"references-count":62,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]}},"alternative-id":["healthcare9091166"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/healthcare9091166","relation":{},"ISSN":["2227-9032"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2227-9032"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,6]]}}}