{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:48:13Z","timestamp":1760150893510,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,26]],"date-time":"2022-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643155200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/04449\/2020, UIDP\/04449\/2020, DL57\/2016\/CP1372\/CT0012 , PD\/297\/2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04449\/2020, UIDP\/04449\/2020, DL57\/2016\/CP1372\/CT0012 , PD\/297\/2017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Heritage"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In recent decades, many works have been devoted to the study of materials and painting techniques used to produce illuminated manuscripts. If the analyses were once largely invasive, the approach has become increasingly more in situ and non-invasive over the years. This work presents the results of the analysis of the Portuguese Charter of \u00c9vora, an illuminated manuscript that dates back to 1501, combining an elemental mapping technique (MA-XRF) with the non-invasive imaging techniques of infrared reflectography and digital microscopy. Remarkably, this approach allowed us to obtain unexpected results regarding the chronology of production of the illumination of the view of the City of \u00c9vora and of the Charter of \u00c9vora itself, posing new questions for art history on the political, social and artistic context of the early 16th century City of \u00c9vora.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/heritage5010015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,26]],"date-time":"2022-01-26T03:33:32Z","timestamp":1643168012000},"page":"286-296","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The Power of Combining MA-XRF, Infrared Reflectography and Digital Microscopy to Unveil the Production of the 16th Century Illuminated Charter of \u00c9vora: What May Be Hidden under a Painted Surface?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Catarina","family":"Miguel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"HERCULES Laboratory, Institute for Advanced Studies and Research, University of Evora, 7000-809 Evora, Portugal"},{"name":"City University of Macau Chair in Sustainable Heritage, University of Evora, 7000-671 Evora, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3566-5921","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia","family":"Bottura-Scardina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consortium HERITAS\u2014Estudos de Patrim\u00f3nio, University of Evora, 7000-645 Evora, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2464-468X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlo","family":"Bottaini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HERCULES Laboratory, Institute for Advanced Studies and Research, University of Evora, 7000-809 Evora, Portugal"},{"name":"City University of Macau Chair in Sustainable Heritage, University of Evora, 7000-671 Evora, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2146-7024","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Valadas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HERCULES Laboratory, Institute for Advanced Studies and Research, University of Evora, 7000-809 Evora, Portugal"},{"name":"City University of Macau Chair in Sustainable Heritage, University of Evora, 7000-671 Evora, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Candeias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HERCULES Laboratory, Institute for Advanced Studies and Research, University of Evora, 7000-809 Evora, Portugal"},{"name":"City University of Macau Chair in Sustainable Heritage, University of Evora, 7000-671 Evora, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"Bilou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Museu Nacional Frei Manuel do Cen\u00e1culo (Evora), 7000-804 Evora, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Garcia, J.M. 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