{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:44:06Z","timestamp":1760060646584,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,14]],"date-time":"2025-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757808000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Heritage"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Calculus deposits of individuals unearthed from Torre Velha (TVCA) and M\u00f3s (MOTM), Necropolis, were analyzed to obtain insights about diet, crop cultivation, and plant use. All samples (n = 11) revealed micro-remains, including starch grains, pollen grains, fungal spores, and sclerenchyma fibers. Starch grains were detected in all studied specimens, belonging mostly to wheat and rye, with fewer to barley and various pulses, with fava beans being the most relevant. M\u00f3s samples also showed evidence of millets and pollen grains. These include genera with known medicinal properties, suggesting their intentional use for medical purposes. Fungal spores were isolated from samples of both sites, with higher yield in M\u00f3s. A major diversity of micro-remains was obtained in M\u00f3s individuals, although any differences must be interpreted with caution. The present work is the first to provide insights into the medieval diet in the Northeast region of Portugal through dental calculus analysis and, when combined with written sources, it contributes to the knowledge of the cultural heritage of the Middle Age diets.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/heritage8090379","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]],"date-time":"2025-09-15T10:51:33Z","timestamp":1757933493000},"page":"379","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Exploring Diet in the Middle Ages in Northeastern Portugal (Bragan\u00e7a) Through Dental Calculus: The Cases of Torre Velha (Castro De Avel\u00e3s) and M\u00f3s (Torre De Moncorvo)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5371-6411","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ant\u00f3nio Pereira","family":"Coutinho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Sciences, Centre for Functional Ecology\u2013Science for People & the Planet, University of Coimbra, Cal\u00e7ada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Sofia","family":"Tereso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre for Anthropology and Health (CIAS), University of Coimbra, Cal\u00e7ada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute for Medieval Studies (IEM), School of Social Sciences and Humanities, NOVA University Lisbon, Col\u00e9gio Almada Negreiros, Sala 320, Campus de Campolide, 1099-032 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3749-3542","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro C.","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Interdisciplinary Studies, University of Coimbra, Cal\u00e7ada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Mariana","family":"Neves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universit\u00e1rio de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1476-7486","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L\u00eddia","family":"Catarino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geosciences Center of University of Coimbra, Cal\u00e7ada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1912-6581","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Maria","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Sciences, Centre for Functional Ecology\u2013Science for People & the Planet, University of Coimbra, Cal\u00e7ada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Research Centre for Anthropology and Health (CIAS), University of Coimbra, Cal\u00e7ada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"University of Lisbon Archaeology Center (UNIARQ), Faculty of Letters, University of Lisbon, Col\u00e9gio Almada Negreiros, Sala 320, Campus de Campolide, 1099-032 Lisbon, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Capelli, D.P., and Mobley, C.C. 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