{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T21:50:30Z","timestamp":1775598630374,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677628800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)","award":["UIDB\/05748\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/05748\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)","award":["UIDP\/05748\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/05748\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Horticulturae"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Currently, copper is approved as an active substance among plant protection products and is considered effective against more than 50 different diseases in different crops, conventional and organic. Tomato has been cultivated for centuries, but many fungal diseases still affect it, making it necessary to control them through antifungal agents, such as copper, making it the primary form of fungal control in organic farming systems (OFS). The objective of this work was to determine whether exogenous copper applications can affect AOX mechanisms and nitrogen use efficiency in tomato plant grown in OFS. For this purpose, plants were sprayed with \u2018Bordeaux\u2019 mixture (SP). In addition, two sets of plants were each treated with 8 mg\/L copper in the root substrate (S). Subsequently, one of these groups was also sprayed with a solution of \u2018Bordeaux\u2019 mixture (SSP). Leaves and roots were used to determine NR, GS and GDH activities, as well as proline, H2O2 and AsA levels. The data gathered show that even small amounts of copper in the rhizosphere and copper spraying can lead to stress responses in tomato, with increases in total ascorbate of up to 70% and a decrease in GS activity down to 49%, suggesting that excess copper application could be potentially harmful in horticultural production by OFS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/horticulturae9030323","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T03:57:49Z","timestamp":1677643069000},"page":"323","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Effects of Exogenously Applied Copper in Tomato Plants\u2019 Oxidative and Nitrogen Metabolisms under Organic Farming Conditions"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Alexandre","family":"Alves","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"GreenUPorto\u2014Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Centre and Inov4Agro, Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s\/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Rafael","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GreenUPorto\u2014Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Centre and Inov4Agro, Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s\/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3709-7478","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuel","family":"Azenha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIQ-UP\u2014Research Center in Chemistry, Departamento de Qu\u00edmica e Bioqu\u00edmica, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s\/n, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8299-324X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00e1rio","family":"Cunha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INESC TEC\u2014Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores, Tecnologia e Ci\u00eancia, Campus da FEUP, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s\/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s\/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2631-2112","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GreenUPorto\u2014Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Centre and Inov4Agro, Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s\/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2022, January 10). 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