{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T17:03:29Z","timestamp":1777655009085,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,11]],"date-time":"2024-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726012800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Cyted\u2014Ibero-American Science and Technology Programme","award":["420RT0008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["420RT0008"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Humans"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This article discusses collaborative ethnography as a meaningful source for spatial research, in particular, for participatory methodologies in urban planning and placemaking processes. It investigates the experiences with co-creation and co-research in different research projects to gain insight into the performance of collaborative ethnography as a technique to explore and enrich local knowledge. To better understand the possible causal relationships between the experience gained in the projects and the learnt lessons, we also identify recommendations for improving research methodologies to be applied in placemaking. This article concludes that collaborative ethnography is an effective tool for adding value to spatial co-research and co-creation processes. It opens opportunities for the co-production of space, ideas and knowledge, contributing at the same time to better informed decision-making. It also helps improve ideas and gather insights into the spatial needs of focus groups.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/humans4030018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,11]],"date-time":"2024-09-11T05:45:12Z","timestamp":1726033512000},"page":"284-297","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The Role of Collaborative Ethnography in Placemaking"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7031-0053","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marluci","family":"Menezes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Laboratory of Civil Engineering Lisbon Portugal (LNEC), 1700-066 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1896-4663","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Smaniotto Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Architecture and Urban Planning, Universidade Lus\u00f3fona, and Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Architecture, Urbanism and Design, University of Lisbon, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"UN-Habitat (2018). 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