{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T23:42:21Z","timestamp":1774050141582,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":226,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,2]],"date-time":"2024-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704153600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"CESAM","award":["UID\/AMB\/50017\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/AMB\/50017\/2020"]}]},{"name":"CESAM","award":["PT2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PT2020"]}]},{"name":"CESAM","award":["Compete 2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Compete 2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT\/MCTES","award":["UID\/AMB\/50017\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/AMB\/50017\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT\/MCTES","award":["PT2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PT2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT\/MCTES","award":["Compete 2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Compete 2020"]}]},{"name":"FEDER","award":["UID\/AMB\/50017\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/AMB\/50017\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FEDER","award":["PT2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PT2020"]}]},{"name":"FEDER","award":["Compete 2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Compete 2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia)","award":["UID\/AMB\/50017\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/AMB\/50017\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia)","award":["PT2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PT2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia)","award":["Compete 2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Compete 2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Hydrobiology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Under the Climate Change scenario, the occurrence of Harmful Cyanobacterial Blooms (HCBs) is an increasingly concerning problem. Particularly for inland freshwaters, that have human populations depending on them for consumption or recreation, HCBs can lead to serious ecological damages and socio-economic impacts, but also to health risks for local communities. From satellite imagery to molecular data, there is an increasing number of methodological approaches that can help improve the monitoring and prediction of cyanobacterial blooms. However, although each methodology has its own strengths and limitations, generally there is a lack of data addressing specific and intraspecific information, which has implications for the modelling and prediction of the real dynamics and toxicity of HCBs. The present review intends to make a quick overview on current approaches to monitor cyanobacterial blooms and provide a tier-based integrative perspective for their application. A transversal monitoring at a wide scale should be enhanced but cannot rely only on pigment levels but rather include the specific and intraspecific diversity information that can be obtained from modern molecular tools. This is crucial to achieve the effective prediction, monitoring and management of HCBs under their increasing occurrence and severity trends in freshwaters.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/hydrobiology3010002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,2]],"date-time":"2024-01-02T06:04:09Z","timestamp":1704175449000},"page":"11-30","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Harmful Cyanobacterial Blooms: Going beyond the \u201cGreen\u201d to Monitor and Predict HCBs"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"3","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3760-4142","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela R.","family":"de Figueiredo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology & CESAM (Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies), University of Aveiro, Campus Universit\u00e1rio de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xu, H.-F., Raanan, H., Dai, G.-Z., Oren, N., Berkowicz, S., Murik, O., Kaplan, A., and Qiu, B.-S. 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